凡口10μm矿泥回收铅锌试验研究

发布时间：2019-05-17 06:43

【摘要】：铅锌矿产资源是我国十分重要的战略性矿产资源之一，广泛用于电气、机械、冶金、化学、医药以及军事等领域。由于经济持续高速增长，，对于铅锌原料的需求量也日益提高。但是，随着铅锌资源的日益开采，铅锌矿产资源渐渐向“贫、细、杂、难”的方向发展，每年因为这类问题使得铅锌难以选别而造成的损失更是相当惊人。如果能将这类矿物回收利用，则可以节约资源、增加效益、减少污染。以广东省凡口铅锌矿矿泥为研究对象，研究发现：矿泥中主要金属矿物为方铅矿、闪锌矿以及黄铁矿，脉石矿物以石英、方解石和绢云母为主，其次是白云石和绿泥石。该矿泥粒度很细，d95约为38μm，d50约为10μm，铅锌分布在-10μm的部分金属累积为46.38%，-5μm的含量为43%，金属累积为38.60%。矿泥铅锌品位较低，铅、锌品位均在3.2%左右，选别难度较大。针对该难选矿泥，为了有效地回收目的矿物，在工艺矿物学的基础上，进行了多组条件试验，确定了一系列最佳浮选条件。在此前提下，又进行了铅锌分离的试验研究，另外，又先后进行了开路试验、闭路试验以及最终的工业试验。最终试验结果表明，铅、锌矿物在该粒度条件下浮选性能十分相似，相应的抑制剂或活化剂均无明显效果，想要实现从矿泥中分离铅锌，获得单一的铅精矿和锌精矿极为困难。从经济以及该厂的实际情况考虑，采用铅锌混合浮选流程生产铅锌混合精矿是目前该厂较为合理的选择。该流程成本低，选别难度较小，品位及回收率相对较高。在最优条件下，一次粗选试验可获得Pb+Zn品位约24%，回收率约69%的铅锌混合精矿。工业上采用一粗二扫三精浮选流程，最终可得到Pb+Zn品位为44.17%，回收率为70.38%的铅锌混合精矿。
[Abstract]:Lead and zinc mineral resources are one of the most important strategic mineral resources in China, which are widely used in electrical, mechanical, metallurgical, chemical, pharmaceutical and military fields. Due to the sustained and rapid economic growth, the demand for lead and zinc raw materials is also increasing day by day. However, with the increasing exploitation of lead and zinc resources, lead and zinc mineral resources gradually develop in the direction of "poor, thin, miscellaneous and difficult". Every year, the loss caused by this kind of problems makes it difficult to distinguish lead and zinc. If this kind of mineral can be recycled, it can save resources, increase efficiency and reduce pollution. Taking the slime of Fankou lead-Zinc Mine in Guangdong Province as the research object, it is found that the main metal minerals in the slime are galena, sphalerite and pyrite, and the gangue minerals are mainly quartz, calcite and sericite, followed by dolomite and chlorite. The particle size of the slime is very fine, D95 is about 38 渭 m, d _ (50) is about 10 渭 m, the accumulation of lead and zinc in-10 渭 m is 46.38%, the content of-5 渭 m is 43%, and the metal accumulation is 38.60%. The grade of lead and zinc in slime is low, the grade of lead and zinc is about 3.2%, so it is difficult to separate. In order to recover the target minerals effectively, several groups of conditional tests were carried out on the basis of process Mineralogy, and a series of optimum flotation conditions were determined. On this premise, the experimental study on the separation of lead and zinc was carried out, in addition, the open circuit test, the closed circuit test and the final industrial test were carried out one after another. The final test results show that the flotation performance of lead and zinc minerals is very similar under this particle size condition, and the corresponding inhibitors or activators have no obvious effect. It is very difficult to obtain single lead concentrate and zinc concentrate in order to separate lead and zinc from slime. Considering the economy and the actual situation of the plant, the production of lead-zinc mixed concentrate by lead-zinc mixed flotation process is a reasonable choice at present. The cost of the process is low, the difficulty of separation is small, and the grade and recovery rate are relatively high. Under the optimum conditions, the lead-zinc mixed concentrate with Pb Zn grade of about 24% and recovery of about 69% can be obtained by a rough separation test. The lead-zinc mixed concentrate with Pb Zn grade of 44.17% and recovery of 70.38% can be obtained by using a coarse, two-sweep and three-fine flotation process.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD952

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