大型矿井提升机卷筒装置研究

发布时间：2019-05-19 08:29

【摘要】：近年来随着我国浅表资源的日益开采殆尽,促使地下矿产资源的开采不断向深层扩展,导致深部资源开采所需装备研发越来越迫切,而深部资源开采设备研发其中最主要趋势为大型化,主要目标之一是通过提高提升容量以及提升深度来提高开采效率。我国矿产资源的开采主要靠井工提升,而作为井工提升最为关键设备的大型矿井提升机其运行时承载大、整体结构复杂、设计缺乏成熟的经验,特别是作为核心部件的提升机卷筒装置,在实际工作中常出现因应力集中而导致卷筒筒壳,人孔周边等部位开裂以及在交变载荷作用下易引起自激、强迫振动等问题,影响设备正常使用,因此,运用现代设计与分析方法对其进行结构性能分析研究以及优化设计,提高大型矿井提升机卷筒装置性能与可靠性具有重要意义。本文以某公司研发的2JK/A-5型大型矿井提升机为研究对象,研究分析其典型多工况下实际运行状况,确认其薄弱环节;针对人孔周边因应力集中发生疲劳失效导致裂纹产生的问题进行综合优化设计;对卷筒装置固有频率以及紧急制动特殊工况等动态特性进行分析研究,确保提升机安全运行。主要研究内容及方法包括:(1)根据提升机相关几何参数,在Solid Works中建立其三维模型,利用Workbench数值模拟分析提升机主轴装置在一个工作周期内多个典型工况下的应力应变情况,根据分析结果确认薄弱环节,校核其关键部件卷筒以及主轴的刚度和强度,并通过测试实验验证仿真分析的可靠性。(2)综合应用控制变量法、拓扑优化以及多目标驱动优化设计理论,以降低卷筒装置幅板人孔周边应力集中,避免发生疲劳失效导致裂纹产生为目标,对比分析优化得出幅板最优人孔形状、开孔大小以及开孔位置。(3)运用Hyper Works软件中的Opti Struct模块,对卷筒装置进行模态分析,分析研究其前六阶振型,采用拓扑优化技术提高卷筒装置基频,预防共振等不良工况的发生。(4)利用ANSYSWork Bench瞬态动力学模块对紧急制动工况下的提升机卷筒装置动态特性进行分析研究,获得其制动响应时间段里任意时间节点的提升机整体以及卷筒等关键部件的应力云图,并根据第四强度理论校核其强度属性,确保整个提升机卷筒装置在紧急制动的特殊工况下也能安全运行。通过对2JK/A-5型大型矿井提升机整体以及卷筒装置静动力学结合的结构分析以及优化,取得了一些具有指导意义的研究成果,为企业设计部门校核提升机整体结构设计可靠性以及解决人孔开裂问题提供了可行参考,同时也为同类工程机械设计提供了方法,具有推广应用意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasing exploitation of shallow resources in China, the exploitation of underground mineral resources has been continuously expanded, resulting in more and more urgent research and development of equipment needed for deep resource exploitation. The main trend of deep resource mining equipment research and development is large-scale, one of the main goals is to improve mining efficiency by increasing capacity and depth. The exploitation of mineral resources in our country mainly depends on the promotion of well workers, and the large mine hoist, which is the most critical equipment for well lifting, has large bearing capacity, complex overall structure and lack of mature experience in design. In particular, as the core component of the hoist reel device, in the actual work, there are often problems such as the cracking of the reel shell and the surrounding part of the manhole due to stress concentration, as well as the self-excitation and forced vibration under the action of alternating load. It is of great significance to improve the performance and reliability of the reel device of large mine hoist by using modern design and analysis methods to analyze and optimize the structural performance of the equipment, so as to improve the performance and reliability of the reel device of large mine hoist. In this paper, the 2JK / A-5 large mine hoist developed by a company is taken as the research object, and its actual operation condition under typical multi-working conditions is studied and analyzed, and its weak links are confirmed. Aiming at the problem of crack caused by fatigue failure around manhole, the natural frequency of reel device and the special working condition of emergency braking are analyzed and studied to ensure the safe operation of hoist. The main research contents and methods are as follows: (1) according to the relevant geometric parameters of hoist, the three-dimensional model is established in Solid Works. The stress and strain of hoist spindle device under several typical working conditions in one working cycle are analyzed by Workbench numerical simulation. According to the analysis results, the weak links are confirmed, and the stiffness and strength of its key components, reel and spindle, are checked. The reliability of the simulation analysis is verified by test experiments. (2) the control variable method, topology optimization and multi-objective drive optimization design theory are comprehensively applied to reduce the stress concentration around the manhole of the reel device. To avoid the crack caused by fatigue failure, the optimal manhole shape, opening size and opening position of the plate are obtained by comparative analysis and optimization. (3) the modal analysis of the reel device is carried out by using the Opti Struct module in Hyper Works software. The first six vibration modes are analyzed and studied, and the topology optimization technology is used to improve the fundamental frequency of the reel device. To prevent the occurrence of bad working conditions such as resonance. (4) the dynamic characteristics of hoist drum device under emergency braking condition are analyzed and studied by using ANSYSWork Bench transient dynamics module. The stress cloud diagram of the whole hoist and the key components such as reel at any time node in the braking response time period is obtained, and its strength properties are checked according to the fourth strength theory. Ensure that the whole hoist drum device can also operate safely under the special condition of emergency braking. Through the structural analysis and optimization of the static and dynamic combination of the whole 2JK / A5 large mine hoist and the reel device, some guiding research results have been obtained. It provides a feasible reference for the enterprise design department to check the reliability of the whole structure design of the hoist and solve the problem of manhole cracking, and also provides a method for the design of the same kind of construction machinery, which is of great significance for popularization and application.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD534

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