锰结核中有价元素提取的基础研究
发布时间:2019-05-20 16:31
【摘要】:锰矿石及其深加工产品已广泛应用于国民经济各领域,是冶金及许多工业领域不可缺少的重要原料。我国锰矿石主要有碳酸锰矿石、氧化锰矿石、共生多金属矿石、硫锰矿石和锰结核等类型。其中铁锰矿是我国锰矿中的重要类型之一,含有大量的铁、锰和硅等元素,同时还含有少量的银等有价元素,可进行综合回收利用。首先,以铁锰结核矿为原料,硫铁矿做为还原剂在硫酸条件下,研究了锰的浸取工艺。通过研究锰矿与硫铁矿用量比、硫酸体积浓度、液固比、反应温度、反应时间、搅拌速率等因素对锰浸取率的影响规律,得到硫酸浸出铁锰结核最佳工艺条件为:锰矿与硫铁矿用量比为7:4,硫酸体积浓度9.1%,液固比(mL/g)为5:1,反应温度为90℃,反应时间3h,搅拌速率为300 r/min 。最终锰的浸出率可达98.3%。浸出过程动力学研究表明,铁锰矿酸浸过程为液-固两相反应过程,酸浸过程受化学反应过程控制,其化学活化能Ea=46.31KJ/mol,动力学模型为:化学反应级数为1.3549。其次,提出了锰浸出液的两步净化方法。第一步净化除铁,首先加入Mn02在80℃条件下持续搅拌反应1 h,使锰浸取液中的Fe2+完全氧化为Fe3+,再通过加入氨水调节pH值完成对铁的沉淀。水解沉淀铁的最优条件为:pH=5.5,搅拌速率500 r/min,反应时间90min。最终铁的去除率可达99.94%,锰的回收率也可达到95.48%。第二步净化脱出重金属,先通过加入适量的(NH4)2S沉淀出溶液中残留的重金属杂质,然后再调节pH反溶生成的硫化锰。研究表明:第二次净化沉淀重金属时反溶硫化锰所需的pH=1,重金属沉淀完全所需含硫量2%的(NH4)2S为0.022L/L,此时,锰的回收率可达99%。而后,将净化后的锰浸出液用于制备碳酸锰,为保证锰的回收尽可能完全,需要首先调节溶液pH值,研究表明当溶液pH值为9时锰回收量最高为99.23%。实验最终锰的回收率可达90%,制备碳酸锰产品中锰含量(以锰的质量分数记)为42.45%,达到工业碳酸锰合格级别。SEM图分析表明,产品为球形颗粒,粒径在500 nm左右,达到亚微米级别。最后,本论文以氯化钠作为浸取剂,研究了浸取铁锰结核酸浸反应后余渣中的银提取,使银以氯银络合物的形式进入溶液,研究表明,银的浸出率可达79.36%。氯化钠浸取银的最佳工艺条件为:锰浸取渣40g,氯化钠质量浓度为25%,液固比(mL/g)为5:1,搅拌速率300 r/min,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为180min,盐酸加入量为15mL。
[Abstract]:Manganese ore and its deep processing products have been widely used in various fields of national economy, and are indispensable raw materials in metallurgy and many industrial fields. The main types of manganese ores in China are manganese carbonate ore, manganese oxide ore, symbiotic polymetallic ore, sulfur manganese ore and manganese tuberculosis. Iron-manganese ore is one of the important types of manganese ore in China, which contains a large number of iron, manganese, silicon and other elements, as well as a small amount of silver and other valuable elements, which can be used for comprehensive recovery and utilization. Firstly, using iron-manganese tuberculosis as raw material and pyrite as reductant, the leaching process of manganese was studied under the condition of sulfuric acid. The effects of manganese ore / pyrite dosage ratio, sulfuric acid volume concentration, liquid-solid ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and stirring rate on manganese leaching rate were studied. The optimum conditions for leaching iron and manganese nodules with sulfuric acid are as follows: the ratio of manganese ore to pyrite is 7 鈮,
本文编号:2481781
[Abstract]:Manganese ore and its deep processing products have been widely used in various fields of national economy, and are indispensable raw materials in metallurgy and many industrial fields. The main types of manganese ores in China are manganese carbonate ore, manganese oxide ore, symbiotic polymetallic ore, sulfur manganese ore and manganese tuberculosis. Iron-manganese ore is one of the important types of manganese ore in China, which contains a large number of iron, manganese, silicon and other elements, as well as a small amount of silver and other valuable elements, which can be used for comprehensive recovery and utilization. Firstly, using iron-manganese tuberculosis as raw material and pyrite as reductant, the leaching process of manganese was studied under the condition of sulfuric acid. The effects of manganese ore / pyrite dosage ratio, sulfuric acid volume concentration, liquid-solid ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and stirring rate on manganese leaching rate were studied. The optimum conditions for leaching iron and manganese nodules with sulfuric acid are as follows: the ratio of manganese ore to pyrite is 7 鈮,
本文编号:2481781
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