露天煤矿复垦生物多样性恢复技术体系与方法:以平朔矿排土场为例
发布时间：2019-05-22 23:23
【摘要】：生物多样性为人类提供了丰富的生活资源和必要的生存环境。煤矿露天开采造成矿区生态环境破坏及生物多样性丧失,但目前尚未形成基于生物多样性恢复的土地复垦技术体系。为加速矿区生物多样性恢复,提高复垦生态系统稳定性,本研究以黄土丘陵区平朔露天煤矿为例,总结现有土地复垦经验,根据生物多样性恢复的基本方法,尝试从矿区生境再造和景观格局优化两方面探讨生物多样性恢复的技术与方法。研究结果表明:生境再造与景观格局优化是矿区生物多样性恢复的重要手段;优化排土场平台、边坡形态,提倡建立仿自然地貌;采用有利于土壤生物多样性恢复的土壤重构技术;进行植被重建是矿区生物多样性恢复的重要环节,并为其他生态因子恢复提供生境;建立生态源地和生态廊道;实施生态农业生产方式,进行生态农业景观结构优化。
[Abstract]:Biodiversity provides rich living resources and necessary living environment for human beings. Coal mine opencast mining causes ecological environment damage and biodiversity loss in mining area, but at present, the land reclamation technology system based on biodiversity restoration has not yet been formed. In order to accelerate the restoration of biodiversity in mining area and improve the stability of reclamation ecosystem, this study takes Pingshuo opencast coal mine in loess hilly region as an example, summarizes the existing experience of land reclamation, and according to the basic methods of biodiversity restoration, This paper attempts to explore the techniques and methods of biodiversity restoration from two aspects: habitat reconstruction and landscape pattern optimization. The results show that habitat reconstruction and landscape pattern optimization are important means to restore biodiversity in mining area, optimize dump platform, slope shape and advocate the establishment of imitating natural geomorphology. Using soil reconstruction technology which is beneficial to the restoration of soil biodiversity, vegetation reconstruction is an important link of biodiversity restoration in mining area, and provides habitat for the restoration of other ecological factors, and establishes ecological source and ecological corridor. Carry out the production mode of ecological agriculture and optimize the landscape structure of ecological agriculture.
【作者单位】： 中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院;国土资源部土地整治重点实验室;
【基金】：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项项目资助(编号:201411017)
【分类号】：TD824.8;TD88
本文编号：2483367
[Abstract]:Biodiversity provides rich living resources and necessary living environment for human beings. Coal mine opencast mining causes ecological environment damage and biodiversity loss in mining area, but at present, the land reclamation technology system based on biodiversity restoration has not yet been formed. In order to accelerate the restoration of biodiversity in mining area and improve the stability of reclamation ecosystem, this study takes Pingshuo opencast coal mine in loess hilly region as an example, summarizes the existing experience of land reclamation, and according to the basic methods of biodiversity restoration, This paper attempts to explore the techniques and methods of biodiversity restoration from two aspects: habitat reconstruction and landscape pattern optimization. The results show that habitat reconstruction and landscape pattern optimization are important means to restore biodiversity in mining area, optimize dump platform, slope shape and advocate the establishment of imitating natural geomorphology. Using soil reconstruction technology which is beneficial to the restoration of soil biodiversity, vegetation reconstruction is an important link of biodiversity restoration in mining area, and provides habitat for the restoration of other ecological factors, and establishes ecological source and ecological corridor. Carry out the production mode of ecological agriculture and optimize the landscape structure of ecological agriculture.
【作者单位】： 中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院;国土资源部土地整治重点实验室;
【基金】：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项项目资助(编号:201411017)
【分类号】：TD824.8;TD88
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