露天转地下采矿诱发岩层移动与破坏规律

发布时间：2019-05-24 15:40

【摘要】：在金属矿山的露天开采进入到地下开采阶段,随着端帮及地下采矿进度的推进,矿坑边坡可能会产生崩塌垮落,对周边建筑物及基础设施造成影响。论文以眼前山铁矿露天转地下开采为例,通过实地监测勘探矿区边坡随开采进度的推进而产生的变形破坏现状,利用工程地质分析原理对不同阶段的边坡岩层移动和地表变形破坏现状进行分析;在采用离散元的基础上,利用等效节理岩体力学参数确定方法,解决使用连续介质模型难以模拟围岩的冒落、破碎等破坏现象以及岩体的非连续与大位移运动的问题,获得了露天转地下采矿诱发矿坑边坡岩层与地表移动的规律。论文同时讨论了露天转地下采矿引发的边坡破坏模式,论证了边坡的破坏机理。本文主要工作和成果如下:(1)通过定期观测采矿范围内边坡变形破坏现状,对不同开采阶段对应的边坡破坏现状进行总结,并分析边坡破坏机理;(2)研究岩体结构等效方法,建立研究区三维等效节理岩体模型;(3)采用正交试验与数值模拟相结合的方法确定等效节理岩体的节理力学参数,并通过对比实际采矿活动引起边坡破坏的现状对所采用的节理力学参数进行验证;(4)根据实际工况实现对崩落开采与放矿全过程引起的矿坑边坡岩体大位移运动的模拟分析,获得在露天转地下采矿过程中,矿坑边坡岩层与地表移动及破坏规律,讨论和论证矿坑边坡岩体变形破坏机理。实现露天转地下采矿诱发矿坑边坡岩层与地表移动规律的三维数值模拟以及边坡破坏机理的论证。
[Abstract]:In the open pit mining of metal mines to the underground mining stage, with the advance of the end and underground mining progress, the mine slope may collapse and collapse, which will have an impact on the surrounding buildings and infrastructure. Taking the open pit to underground mining of Qianshan Iron Mine as an example, this paper monitors the present situation of deformation and failure of slope in exploration mining area with the advance of mining progress. The present situation of slope rock movement and surface deformation and failure in different stages is analyzed by using the principle of engineering geological analysis. On the basis of discrete element method, the method of determining the mechanical parameters of equivalent joint rock mass is used to solve the problem that it is difficult to simulate the failure phenomena such as falling and breaking of surrounding rock and the movement of discontinuity and large displacement of rock mass by using continuous medium model. The law of rock strata and surface movement induced by open pit to underground mining is obtained. At the same time, the failure mode of slope caused by open pit to underground mining is discussed, and the failure mechanism of slope is demonstrated. The main work and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) by regularly observing the present situation of slope deformation and failure in mining range, the corresponding slope failure status in different mining stages is summarized, and the slope failure mechanism is analyzed; (2) the equivalent method of rock mass structure is studied, and the three-dimensional equivalent joint rock mass model in the study area is established. (3) the joint mechanical parameters of equivalent joint rock mass are determined by orthogonal test and numerical simulation, and the joint mechanical parameters are verified by comparing the present situation of slope failure caused by actual mining activities. (4) according to the actual working conditions, the large displacement movement of the rock mass of the pit slope caused by the whole process of caving mining and ore drawing is simulated and analyzed, and the movement and failure laws of the rock strata and the surface of the mine slope in the process of open pit to underground mining are obtained. The deformation and failure mechanism of rock mass in pit slope is discussed and demonstrated. The 3D numerical simulation of rock strata and surface movement induced by open pit to underground mining and the demonstration of slope failure mechanism are realized.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD325

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