顾及控矿约束的金属矿体圈定方法研究

发布时间：2019-05-29 02:21

【摘要】：目前,我国对于提高矿山自动化、信息化的需求日益迫切,矿体圈定是矿山勘探开发、生产过程中重要的过程,矿体圈定的结果直接影响着矿山后续开发和生产的效率,矿山普遍使用的基于专家经验的手工圈定方法具有效率和准确性较低的特点,基于神经网络、地质统计学等圈定算法未能完善的解决圈定过程中主观随意性、自动圈定、成矿机理表述不清、计算数据要求高等问题。尽管许多新技术、新方法被引入到矿山勘探开发工程中,但是由于金属矿床形成机制复杂、空间分布具有随机性、矿区采样有限等因素,导致矿体圈定算法发展缓慢,因此设计出高效、准确的圈定算法成为矿山勘探开发过程中亟需解决的重要课题。在当前的技术条件下,以多学科、多技术融合的方式,研究控矿约束特征,构建合适的数据模型实现算法创新,建立顾及控矿约束的矿体圈定新算法成为解决上述问题的可能途径。本论文以该需求为驱动,研究顾及控矿约束的金属矿体圈定算法,主要研究内容和结论包含如下两个方面:(1)通过综合分析国内外使用的矿体圈定方法,对各主要圈定方法的优劣和发展趋势进行了概括和研究,然后系统介绍了矿体圈定的相关概念并分析了成矿与控矿理论。在此基础上,针对隐伏式金属矿体圈定的地质特征、成矿规律和已有矿体圈定方法的不足,分析矿体成矿过程、不同地质条件下的控矿机理和地质要素的空间特征以及分析矿山普遍采集的涉及地下矿体认识的数据特征,在GIS空间数据管理的基础上,构建包含基于GIS的控矿约束数据模型、矿体圈定计算数据数据模型以及绘制数据模型在内的矿体圈定数据模型,其中控矿约束数据模型为定量化表达矿体约束和算法创新提供重要支撑。(2)针对隐伏式金属矿山,根据建立的矿体圈定数据模型,在GIS空间数据管理和分析方法的支持下,对传统基于专家知识规则的矿体圈定方法进行改进,同时借助SD法中的圈矿理论,在合理利用控矿数据的约束作用下,提出了一套顾及控矿约束的矿体圈定算法,实现了控矿约束数据的定量化表达、描述、计算,解决以往圈定算法中存在的具有主观随意性、圈定效率低下、成矿机理表述不清以及计算数据要求较高等问题。以宝钢梅山铁矿为试验区域,对矿体圈定算法进行了实践和验证,结果表明本文的圈定算法较好的实现了预期目标。
[Abstract]:At present, the demand for improving mine automation and informatization is becoming more and more urgent in our country. Orebody delineation is an important process in mine exploration and development, and the result of orebody delineation directly affects the efficiency of mine subsequent development and production. The manual delineation method based on expert experience, which is widely used in mines, has the characteristics of low efficiency and accuracy. Based on neural network, geostatistics and other delineation algorithms, it is not perfect to solve the subjective arbitrariness and automatic delineation in the process of delineation. The metallogenic mechanism is not clearly expressed and the calculation data are required to be high. Although many new technologies and methods have been introduced into mine exploration and development projects, due to the complex formation mechanism of metal deposits, randomness of spatial distribution, limited sampling in mining areas and other factors, the development of orebody delineation algorithm is slow. Therefore, the design of efficient and accurate delineation algorithm has become an important issue to be solved in the process of mine exploration and development. Under the current technical conditions, the characteristics of ore control constraints are studied in the way of multi-disciplinary and multi-technology fusion, and the appropriate data model is constructed to realize the algorithm innovation. The establishment of a new algorithm for orebody delineation considering ore control constraints is a possible way to solve the above problems. Driven by this demand, this paper studies the ore body delineation algorithm considering ore control constraints. The main research contents and conclusions include the following two aspects: (1) through comprehensive analysis of ore body delineation methods used at home and abroad, The advantages, disadvantages and development trends of the main delineation methods are summarized and studied, and then the related concepts of orebody delineation are systematically introduced and the metallogenic and ore-control theories are analyzed. On this basis, in view of the geological characteristics of concealed metal orebodies, metallogenic laws and the shortcomings of existing ore body delineation methods, the metallogenic process of orebodies is analyzed. The mechanism of ore control under different geological conditions and the spatial characteristics of geological elements, as well as the data characteristics commonly collected by mines involving underground orebodies, are analyzed. On the basis of GIS spatial data management, the data model of ore control constraints based on GIS is constructed. The ore body delineation calculation data model and the ore body delineation data model, including the drawing data model, which provide important support for quantitative expression of orebody constraints and algorithm innovation. (2) for hidden metal mines, According to the established orebody delineation data model, with the support of GIS spatial data management and analysis method, the traditional orebody delineation method based on expert knowledge rules is improved, and with the help of the ore circle theory in SD method, Under the restriction of reasonable utilization of ore control data, a set of orebody delineation algorithm considering ore control constraint is proposed, which realizes the quantitative expression, description and calculation of ore control constraint data, and solves the subjective arbitrariness existing in the previous delineation algorithm. The efficiency of delineation is low, the expression of metallogenic mechanism is not clear and the requirements of calculation data are high. Taking Meishan Iron Mine of Baosteel as the test area, the ore body delineation algorithm is practiced and verified. The results show that the delineation algorithm in this paper achieves the expected goal well.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD851

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