黑北凹地含钾储卤层的地球物理预测方法及应用

发布时间：2019-06-03 11:33

【摘要】：钾元素是植物不可或缺的元素之一,而我国是一个农业大国,其在农业生产中的重要作用不言而喻。然而钾盐一直是我国的紧缺矿产资源之一,因此其勘探开发极为重要。柴达木盆地是我国钾盐主要产地,目前只对易开采的盆地中东部地区进行了大规模开发。而盆地西部黑北凹地的盐湖资源限于矿床研究程度低、开发环境相对较差,多数未能被大面积的开发。近年来西部开发条件得到改善,这必将带动柴达木西部地区盐湖资源的开发利用,大规模开发后也能获得较好的经济效益。本文正是建立在这种背景下,从“油钾兼探”的理论出发,通过研究含钾储卤层成矿的有利地质条件及其地下构造、地层发育特征以及盆地的演化史、地球物理特征的基础上,讨论了含钾储卤层的成矿机理,并结合构造地质学、地球物理学、沉积学、盆地分析学等多学科理论进行指导。通过对收集到的高精度电磁频谱、测井资料和油气勘探中的地震资料的研究和解译,并利用地震属性分析、基于模型宽带约束波阻抗反演等地球物理特殊处理手段进行分析预测。通过上述地球物理方法得到相对围岩含钾储卤层的地球物理响应特征表现为高波速、高密度、中高伽马、高阻抗、高磁场强度、中低振幅、低电阻率。以此来建立识别模式,在地震剖面中进行储层预测,然后通过提取平面属性特征,结合平面构造图,研究含钾储卤层的空间展布特征。最后结合研究区的构造沉积特征信息圈定出含钾储卤层的有利区域,在实际应用中取得了较好的效果,为进一步的勘探开发提供了依据。
[Abstract]:Potassium is one of the indispensable elements of plants, and China is a large agricultural country, its important role in agricultural production is self-evident. However, potassium salt has always been one of the scarce mineral resources in China, so its exploration and development is very important. Chaidamu Basin is the main producing area of potassium salt in China. At present, only the central and eastern part of the basin, which is easy to be exploited, has been developed on a large scale. However, the salt lake resources in the Heibei depression in the western part of the basin are limited to the low degree of deposit research, the development environment is relatively poor, and most of them have not been developed in a large area. In recent years, the conditions of western development have been improved, which will certainly lead to the development and utilization of salt lake resources in western Chaidamu area, and good economic benefits can also be obtained after large-scale development. Based on the theory of "both oil and potassium exploration", this paper studies the favorable geological conditions, underground structure, formation development characteristics, evolution history and geophysical characteristics of potassium-bearing halogen reservoirs. The metallogenic mechanism of potassium-bearing halogen reservoirs is discussed and guided by tectonic geology, geophysics, sedimentology, basin analysis and other multi-disciplinary theories. Through the research and interpretation of the collected high precision electromagnetic spectrum, logging data and seismic data in oil and gas exploration, and by using seismic attribute analysis, Based on the model broadband constrained wave impedance inversion and other geophysical special processing methods for analysis and prediction. According to the above geophysical methods, the geophysical response characteristics of potassium-bearing halogen reservoirs in surrounding rock are as follows: high wave velocity, high density, medium and high gamma, high impedance, high magnetic field intensity, low amplitude and low resistance. In order to establish the recognition pattern, the reservoir prediction is carried out in the seismic section, and then the spatial distribution characteristics of potassium-bearing halogen reservoirs are studied by extracting the plane attribute features and combining with the plane structural map. Finally, the favorable areas of potassium-bearing halogen reservoirs are delineated according to the structural sedimentary characteristic information of the study area, and good results have been obtained in practical application, which provides the basis for further exploration and development.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P631;P619.211

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