地铁运行引起的振动对建筑结构的影响及隔振研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 13:00

本文关键词：地铁运行引起的振动对建筑结构的影响及隔振研究　出处：《华南理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地铁以其安全、快捷、方便、舒适、运量大等优点在全球范围内得到迅猛发展，，成为城市交通重要的交通工具，它在解决城市交通拥堵，充分利用城市空间，推动城市经济发展等问题上发挥了重要作用。然而，地铁运行引起的振动问题也日益突出，影响到结构的正常使用和人们的日常生活。本文结合位于广州市地铁三号线上的华南理工大学北区一教学楼的隔振问题展开工作。文中首先归纳了环境振动的有关理论和分析方法，通过对拟建教学楼的场地地面振动加速度进行实测，统计得出地铁引起的振动在场地的传播与衰减规律，再将场地中最不利的振动加速度激励一致输入到结构基底，采用SAP2000有限元分析软件研究结构在输入激励下的响应，找出影响结构安全和正常使用的潜在因素，最后开展教学楼的隔振研究。主要研究成果有：（1）总结振动波在土壤中传播的有关理论和衰减规律，简要介绍振动传至结构后在梁板构件的传播规律，并整理了对结构采取隔振措施的基本理论；（2）实测教学楼场地地面的振动加速度时程，获取振动在场地的传播规律，得出以下结论：地铁运行引起场地地面振动的优势频率范围在30~80Hz，其中高频成分随距离增大而衰减，低频成分衰减不明显；地面z向振动大于水平向，研究时可着重考虑z向；水平向振动随距离增大而衰减，z向则变化不明显反有反弹。（3）对比适用于分析地铁引起的振动的动力分析方法，并探讨了直接积分法、积分步长的选取、阻尼矩阵的构造和单元的划分等理论，采用SAP2000有限元分析软件研究结构在一致输入激励下的振动响应，得出随楼层的增加，结构的水平向振动先减小后增大，而由于3.15Hz~31.5Hz此频段的振动被放大，结构z向振动逐层增大并超出限值；高频成分沿结构竖向衰减较快，结构本身对其起到了滤波作用。（4）结构采取隔振措施后，方案一（三维隔振支座）和方案二（基底橡胶弹簧隔振）均获得良好的隔振效果，主要是因为大于隔振体系自振频率的振动成分沿结构竖向大幅衰减。但方案二优于方案一，其各层的平均振级在限值以下，满足规范要求。
[Abstract]:Subway, with its advantages of safety, speed, convenience, comfort, large capacity and so on, has been developed rapidly in the global scope. It has become an important means of transportation in urban traffic. It solves urban traffic congestion and makes full use of urban space. It plays an important role in promoting the development of urban economy. However, the vibration problem caused by subway operation is increasingly prominent, which affects the normal use of structure and people's daily life. In this paper, the vibration isolation problem of a teaching building in the North District of South China University of Science and Technology, located on Guangzhou Metro Line 3, is studied. Firstly, the theory and analysis method of environmental vibration are summarized. By measuring the ground vibration acceleration of the proposed teaching building, the propagation and attenuation law of the vibration caused by the subway in the site is obtained by statistics. Then the most unfavorable vibration acceleration excitation in the site is uniformly input to the base of the structure, and the response of the structure under the input excitation is studied by using the SAP2000 finite element analysis software. To find out the potential factors that affect the safety and normal use of the structure, and finally to carry out the vibration isolation study of the teaching building. The main research results are as follows: 1) summarizing the theory and attenuation law of vibration wave propagation in soil, briefly introducing the propagating law of vibration to structure in beam-slab member, and arranging the basic theory of vibration isolation measures for structure; 2) the vibration acceleration time history of the ground of teaching building is measured, and the propagation law of vibration in the site is obtained, and the following conclusions are drawn: the dominant frequency range of ground vibration caused by subway operation is 30 ~ 80 Hz. The high frequency component attenuates with the increase of distance, but the low frequency component does not attenuate obviously. The ground vibration in z direction is larger than that in horizontal direction. The horizontal vibration attenuates with the increase of the distance, and the variation of the Z direction is not obvious, but there is no obvious rebound. The comparison is suitable for the dynamic analysis of vibration caused by subway, and the direct integration method, the selection of integral step size, the construction of damping matrix and the division of elements are discussed. The SAP2000 finite element analysis software is used to study the vibration response of the structure under the uniform input excitation. It is concluded that the horizontal vibration of the structure decreases first and then increases with the increase of the floor. Because the vibration of 3.15Hz / 31.5 Hz is amplified, the Z direction vibration of the structure increases layer by layer and exceeds the limit value. The high frequency component decays rapidly along the vertical direction of the structure, which is filtered by the structure itself. After taking vibration isolation measures, both scheme 1 (three dimensional vibration isolation support) and scheme 2 (base rubber spring vibration isolation) have good vibration isolation effect. The main reason is that the vibration component larger than the natural frequency of the isolation system attenuates greatly along the vertical direction of the structure, but the second scheme is superior to the first scheme, and the average vibration level of each layer is below the limit value, which meets the requirements of the code.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU352.12

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