楼梯对高层剪力墙结构抗震性能的影响分析

发布时间：2018-01-19 16:17

本文关键词： 剪力墙结构楼梯抗震动力特性高层　出处：《西安工业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文主要通过在有限元分析软件中建立两种楼梯参与结构整体工作的模型,对比分析了楼梯对高层剪力墙结构抗震性能的影响.现实的设计中,楼梯往往没有参与结构整体工作,通常做法都没有考虑楼梯的刚度,仅仅考虑了其竖向增大荷载。从而忽略了地震作用对其的影响。历次的震害都出现了楼梯不同程度的破坏,甚至出现主体未倒而楼梯先坏的情况,导致作为唯一逃生通道的楼梯完全失去了其功能,酿成了本可避免的悲剧,因此,研究楼梯在地震中抗震性能具有重要的现实意义。据此原因,我参与了导师的基金项目：陕西省科技厅《地震作用下楼梯参与结构整体计算的仿真分析》(2010K01-073)的研究。本文主要研究其一个分支——地震作用下楼梯对剪力墙结构抗震性能的影响分析。研究的主要内容为：利用有限元结构分析软件Etabs建立模型,对一实际工程进行有限元分析。对模拟的计算结果进行对比,研究楼梯对高层剪力墙结构抗震性能的影响。研究的方法为：利用Etabs软件,分别建立：(1)按Etabs建模通用作法将楼梯定义为opening板的模型。(2)根据实际情况将剪刀梯按斜板(slab)输入的模型。分别采用振型分解反应谱法、时程分析法,对多个模型进行地震作用下的内力计算。通过对周期,楼层位移,刚度等的计算结果的对比得出结论。分析楼梯对高层剪力墙结构动力特性及整体受力性能的影响。主要结论：1、考虑楼梯参与结构整体受力后,结构的自振周期减小。2、由于楼梯梯板在水平力作用下具有“斜撑”的受力状态,在水平地震作用下,将产生较大轴向应力；楼梯板由原先我们只考虑竖向力时的受弯构件,转变为“压弯、拉弯”构件,受力状态复杂化。3、考虑楼梯参与空间结构分析后,楼梯间处的水平抗侧刚度增大,结构整体的水平抗侧刚度分布将跟着增大。故在水平地震作用下,楼梯间分配到的水平剪力较其它处明显偏大。最大位移、层问位移和层间位移角减小。4、楼梯构件在地震作用下的受力状态越简单,对于保护楼梯构件将越有利；楼梯作为重要疏散通道的作用将得到保存,形成一个“安全岛”。
[Abstract]:In this paper, through the finite element analysis software to establish two kinds of stair to participate in the overall work of the structure model, compared and analyzed the staircase to the high-rise shear wall structure seismic performance. In the actual design. Stairs often do not participate in the overall work of the structure, usually do not consider the stiffness of the staircase. It only considers its vertical increasing load, thus neglecting the influence of earthquake action on it. The damage of every earthquake appears the damage of staircase to varying degrees, even the main body is not inverted and the staircase is damaged first. The staircase as the only escape way has completely lost its function, resulting in a tragedy that could be avoided. Therefore, the study of the seismic behavior of the staircase in the earthquake has important practical significance. I participated in the teacher's fund project: Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department < Simulation Analysis of overall calculation of stairs participating in structure under earthquake Action "2010 K01-073). This paper mainly studies the influence of staircase on seismic behavior of shear wall structure under the action of earthquake. The main content of the study is: the finite element structural analysis software Etabs is used to establish the model. Finite element analysis is carried out on a practical project. The effect of staircase on seismic performance of high-rise shear wall structure is studied by comparing the calculated results of simulation. The research method is as follows: using Etabs software. (1) A model that defines the staircase as a opening board according to the general method of Etabs modeling.) according to the actual situation, the scissors ladder is defined by the inclined plate. The input model. The mode decomposition response spectrum method is used respectively. Time history analysis method is used to calculate the internal force of multiple models under earthquake action. The influence of staircase on the dynamic characteristics and overall mechanical performance of high-rise shear wall structure is analyzed. The main conclusion is: 1, considering the staircase participation in the overall force of the structure. The natural vibration period of the structure is reduced by. 2. Because the staircase ladder has the force state of "oblique bracing" under the action of horizontal force, the axial stress will be larger under the action of horizontal earthquake. The stair plate is changed from the bending member when we only consider the vertical force to the "bending, tension and bending" component, and the stress state is complicated. 3. After considering the staircase participating in the analysis of spatial structure. With the increase of horizontal lateral stiffness, the lateral stiffness distribution of the whole structure will increase with the increase of horizontal lateral stiffness. Therefore, under horizontal earthquake, the distribution of horizontal shear force between staircases is obviously larger than that of other places, and the maximum displacement is obtained. The easier the stair members are subjected to earthquake, the easier it is to protect the stair members by decreasing the displacement of floor and the angle of displacement between floors. The role of stairs as an important evacuation passage will be preserved to form a "safe island".
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU973.16;TU973.31

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