中国城镇住宅建筑能耗及与发达国家的对比研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 04:00

本文关键词： 住宅能耗生活方式使用模式中外对比总量控制　出处：《清华大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文的研究目标在于系统分析中国城镇住宅（除北方集中采暖外）能耗的现状、特点、影响因素，通过中外对比，借鉴发达国家的经验教训，来指导中国城镇住宅的可持续发展路线与建筑节能工作的方向。针对上述目标，论文对四个国家（中国、美国、日本和意大利），从三个维度（宏观、中观和微观）来采集住宅建筑的能耗数据，数据采集的方法主要包括：文献调研、宏观模型计算、大范围的问卷调研与访谈、住宅测试与案例分析、住宅用能系统的测试与专题研究、开展国际合作数据共享。基于大量的实际数据，首先对中国城镇住宅建筑及能耗进行了综述，包括中国城镇住宅目前的建筑规模、能耗现状以各个分项的特点与影响因素。然后对中外的住宅能耗进行横向对比，分析住宅建筑能耗总量与强度的差异，接下来通过大量的调研数据与案例测试数据来剖析中外建筑能耗差异的原因，进一步从发达国家住宅建筑能耗历史增长的原因来支持这一结论。通过以上对中国现状的清晰认识和中外差异的剖析和原因总结，对中国城镇住宅的可持续性发展进行思考：为了实现小康水平的生活质量，同时也能够满足我国未来的能源资源总量限制，实现我国住宅建筑的可持续发展，我国的住宅建筑节能就应该避免盲目地以发达国家既定的建筑舒适性和服务质量标准为目标，而应该顺应我国居民的生活方式与使用模式，逐步建立以实际能耗量控制的政策体系，不断完善建筑能耗的科学定义方式、各类建筑的定额控制目标，以及配套的管理与实施体系，，同时发展适宜我国目前生活方式与使用模式的技术体系，进行技术创新，来实现居民生活水平的提升和生态文明建设。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to systematically analyze the present situation, characteristics and influencing factors of energy consumption of urban residential buildings in China (except concentrated heating in the north), and learn from the experience and lessons of developed countries through the comparison between China and foreign countries. To guide the sustainable development of urban housing in China and the direction of building energy conservation. In view of the above objectives, the paper collects energy consumption data of residential buildings from three dimensions (macro, meso and micro) in four countries (China, the United States, Japan and Italy). The methods of data acquisition mainly include: literature research, macro model calculation, questionnaire survey and interview, residential testing and case analysis, residential energy system testing and special research. Develop international cooperation data sharing. Based on a large number of actual data, this paper first summarizes the urban residential buildings and energy consumption in China, including the current scale of urban residential buildings in China. The present situation of energy consumption is based on the characteristics of each sub-item and the influencing factors. Then the difference between the total energy consumption and the intensity of residential buildings is analyzed by comparing the domestic and foreign residential energy consumption horizontally. Then through a large number of research data and case test data to analyze the reasons for the difference in building energy consumption between China and foreign countries, and further support this conclusion from the reasons of the historical growth of residential building energy consumption in developed countries. Through the above clear understanding of the current situation of China and the differences between China and foreign analysis and reason summary, the sustainable development of urban housing in China is considered: in order to achieve the quality of life of well-off level. At the same time, it can meet the limit of energy resources in the future, and realize the sustainable development of residential buildings in our country. China's residential energy saving should avoid blindly taking the established building comfort and service quality standards of developed countries as the goal, and should conform to the life style and usage mode of Chinese residents. Gradually establish the actual energy consumption control policy system, constantly improve the scientific definition of building energy consumption, all kinds of building quota control objectives, as well as supporting management and implementation system. At the same time, we should develop the technology system suitable for our country's current life style and use mode, carry on the technical innovation, to realize the improvement of the resident's living standard and the construction of the ecological civilization.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU111.195;TU241

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