新时期内蒙古草原牧民居住空间环境建设模式研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 21:43

本文关键词： 牧民定居生态移民居住空间空间模式建设模式　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：内蒙古草原牧民居住建筑是草原人民聪明智慧的体现，是在一定历史时期的人适应自然环境一种建筑形态，是与其特定的生产和生活方式相协调的，，具有极其朴素的生态思想。在当今快速城市化的时代背景下研究草原牧民居住建筑有益于内蒙古草原地域建筑文化的保护和传统建筑技术的发扬。研究不仅寻求继承优秀的草原文化的精髓，而且也是探索可持续发展的草原人居环境理论的重要部分。研究对于更好地开展草原定居点建设，改善牧区人居环境和生活状况有重要的现实意义。研究的成果将为内蒙古地区建设可持续发展的、和谐的社会主义新型牧民定居点和社会主义新农村提供理论依据和实践基础。本文从草原牧民居住空间形态的演变出发，系统分析和总结其中的生态经验，从生态和技术的角度重新诠释草原居住空间形态和构筑形态，发掘与提炼传统建筑的技术模式与建筑语汇，丰富地域建筑的创作源泉。本论文通过对内蒙古草原牧民生产方式、生活方式发展变化的历史过程与现状的分析研究，结合建筑学、城市规划、类型学和环境行为学等多学科对内蒙古传统草原牧民定居点和生态移民定居点居住空间的形成、演变和发展进行研究与分析，总结各个时期的牧民定居点居住空间的特点及演变过程，探索草原牧民定居点居住空间的发展轨迹及其模式语言。 (l)内蒙古草原居住建筑空间形态在草原自然环境、气候、地形、资源等因素影响下产生的，牧民在生产的生活实践中总结了许多有效的技术措施来应对草原的气候和环境。内蒙古地区特有的气候特点在牧民居住建筑中得到了充分的体现。本文基于对内蒙古草原传统居住建筑营建体系和传统草原文化的追溯，通过对其传统文化和生态观的认识与理解，讨论了生产方式、生活方式和草原文化对草原传统居住空间形态影响以及居住建筑的基本构成关系。揭示了传统草原和谐发展和人居环境建设的核心是“以畜为本、以草为根、逐水草而居”的基本生态原则。 (2)在类型学方法的启示下，以科学发展观为指导原则，以人居环境科学为理论基础，结合规划设计实践，对内蒙古草原传统民居建筑的发展演变进行了原型分析，经过对比、归纳和分析，总结了草原居住建筑的营建模式语言，探索适宜的草原牧民定居点居住空间模式。 (3)分析了由于草原牧民生产生活方式的转变，所引起的居住建筑形态及其空间形态的演变过程，结合居住建筑实例分析总结了各种居住形态下的居住建筑空间的构成与特征，及其对传统文化的体现；分析了草原居住建筑与聚落形态的产生、演变和传承的过程中的特征语言，在此基础上，对草原传统居住建筑从生态建筑的概念出发，分析与归纳了其营建特征及经验。为探索适合牧民居住的适宜的居住建筑规划设计提供了思路。 (4)蒙古包是草原游牧人民传统文化的精华，是内蒙古草原民族的象征。通过对传统蒙古包的再认识，并结合实地调研中的现代牧民的居住现状，通过与当地牧民共同完成建筑实践，尝试了传统民族建筑文化与现代建筑的结合的路径。使得新的居住建筑更加的贴切于牧民的生产、生活方式、实际需要与文化精神，并且更加的人性化，合理化。基于特殊的自然环境、人文环境和生产生活方式而产生的内蒙古草原定居点聚落及居住建筑，是“以畜为本、以草为根、逐水草而居”基本生态理念的完美体现，它和谐地统一了“天、地、人、畜、神”等多方面的因素，这样的聚落和居住建筑是草原牧民特定生产生活、生存方式的物质载体，也是内蒙古草原牧民实现“诗意地栖居”的理想模式。这种模式在当今快速城市化的时代背景下为内蒙古草原地区建设可持续发展的、和谐的社会主义新型牧民定居点和“人、畜、草原”和谐的草原人居环境提供理论依据和实践基础。
[Abstract]:Inner Mongolia residential building is the embodiment of grassland steppe nomads people's wisdom that is adapt to the natural environment of a building in the shape of a certain historical period, is its specific mode of production and life in harmony, with ecological thought is extremely simple. Carry forward the protection of grassland and herdsmen living in the fast city construction under the background of benefit Inner Mongolia grassland regional architectural culture and traditional architectural technology. The research not only seek to inherit the essence of the prairie culture, an important part of the grassland habitat environment theory but also the exploration of sustainable development. The research for better development of grassland pastoral settlements construction, improve the living environment and living conditions have important practical significance. The research results will be for the sustainable development of the construction of Inner Mongolia area, the new socialist pastoral settlements and harmonious new socialist countryside Provide theoretical basis and practical basis.
This article from the evolution of pastoralists living space form of the system, analyzed and summarized the experience of ecological, from the perspective of ecological and technical re interpretation of prairie residential space and morphology and structure, technique and architectural vocabulary exploration and extraction of traditional architecture, rich source of creation of regional architecture. This paper through the production of the Inner Mongolia steppe nomads way the analysis, research, history and status quo of the development of lifestyle changes combined with the architecture, city planning, typology and environmental behavior science and other disciplines on the formation of Inner Mongolia traditional grassland herdsmen settlements and ecological settlements living space, through research and Analysis on the evolution and development characteristics, and summarize the evolution of each period of settlement of residential space the exploration of language development and mode of grassland herdsmen settlement of the living space.
(L) the grasslands of Inner Mongolia residential building space form in the natural environment, grassland climate, terrain, resources and other factors affect the herdsmen in the production life practice summarized a number of effective technical measures to deal with the grassland climate and environment. The climate characteristics of Inner Mongolia area unique has been fully reflected in the pastoral residential buildings in this paper traces on the grassland of Inner Mongolia. Residential construction system of traditional architecture and traditional grassland culture based on the traditional culture and ecological view of knowledge and understanding of the mode of production is discussed, the basic constitute the relationship between life style and prairie culture to the grassland traditional residential space and residential buildings. Reveals the core of the traditional harmonious development of grassland and the construction of human settlements "in the animal, the grass roots, the basic ecological principles of nomadic".
(2) in the method of typology of enlightenment, with Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle, the science of human settlements as the theoretical basis, combining the practice of planning and design and development of the traditional dwellings in Inner Mongolia grassland in the evolution of prototype analysis, comparison, induction and analysis of the general language construction mode of grassland dwelling architecture, explore the prairie herdsmen settlement suitable living space.
(3) to analyze the grassland herdsmen lifestyle change, caused by the residential architecture and space form evolution, combined with the analysis of residential construction examples summarizes the composition and characteristics of various forms of residential residential building space, and reflect the traditional culture; analyzes the prairie residential building and settlement pattern generation the characteristics, evolution and inheritance in the process of language, on this basis, on the grassland of traditional residential architecture starting from the concept of eco building, analyze and summarize its characteristics and construction experience. Provides ideas for herdsmen living in suitable housing construction planning and design.
(4) Mongolia is the essence of traditional culture of nomadic people, Inner Mongolia is a symbol of the steppes. By further understanding of traditional Mongolia package, combined with the living status of modern herdsmen in the field research, with the local herdsmen to complete the construction practice, try to combine traditional path of national architectural culture and modern architecture. The new residential building. The more appropriate nomads in the production, life style, practical needs and cultural spirit and humane, more reasonable.
Based on the special natural environment, humane environment and mode of production and life and the settlement of Inner Mongolia grassland settlements and residential buildings, is "to the animal, the grass roots, the perfect embodiment of nomadic" basic ecological concept, its harmony "day, people, animals, factors of God" in many aspects, such settlements and residential building is pastoralists specific production life, material carrier of existence, but also realize the ideal mode of "Inner Mongolia pastoralists poetically". This pattern in the rapid city under the background of sustainable development for the construction of Inner Mongolia grassland area, new socialist harmonious pastoral settlements "people, livestock, and provide the theoretical basis and practice of harmonious living environment of Grassland".

【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.12

【参考文献】