深圳市华侨城社区建成环境碳评估研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 12:44

本文关键词： 碳评估低碳社区建成环境碳排放模型　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为21世纪新兴的重要议题之一，气候变化问题已成为全球关注的焦点。尽管减缓气候变化的议题始于全球气候变化模型以及国际减排协议，但城市/社区作为温室气体直接排放的地方，更是人们生活并直接感受到气候变化影响的地方，这一尺度的应对措施同样必不可少。基于减排问题的复杂性，包含国家、地方、和个人的多层次技术解决方案才能真正有效的实现减缓气候变化的目标，而社区尺度的碳减排则是其中的重要环节。而在IPCC温室气体减排政策的影响下，全球应对气候变化策略的重点集中于科学技术及经济政策等领域。但事实证明没有传统空间规划控制的土地利用，交通，基础设施及建筑的作用，应对气候变化的行为无法取得令人满意的成果。现有研究基本上以整个城市作为研究对象，其使用的自上而下的消费数据，，无法与城市规划的空间要素相对应，在指导低碳社区空间方面缺乏足够的碳排放模型数据支持。本文采用“为什么一是什么一做什么一怎样做”的技术路线。首先，通过对低碳城市构建的内容、方法、工具发展的现实需求进行综述，提出理解城市/社区尺度建成环境特征与能源需求和碳排放的关系的低碳规划的趋势，认为低碳规划有必要实现碳排放影响与土地利用、城市形态和建筑形态等建成环境决策的兼容。在此理论基础之上，从核心概念、基本特征和目标构成等方面对建成环境碳评估的内涵予以阐释，作为模型建构的理论基础，解决“是什么”的问题。其次，由城市碳循环要素和社区功能分析入手，从模型计算和空间分解两方面提出了建成环境碳评估模型框架，解决“做什么”的问题。再次，采用新陈代谢方法对华侨城社区碳物质代谢循环建模，量化社区内碳的存储和水平、垂直流动过程。模型输入数据（土里覆盖、人口、建筑类型、植物结构）来源于空间和非空间数据的结合。模型输出以社区整体和建筑、居民出行、居民生活、土壤和植被等分部门的碳流动量化及空间分解的形式表达并对华侨城社区内不同功能分区的碳排放空间分布特征展开分析。继而从建成环境特征及规划指标方面探讨其对于碳排放的影响。解决“怎样做”的问题。由此，基于代谢理论的社区建成环境碳评估模型构建及应用方法，是本文的核心研究成果。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, as one of the most important emerging issues, climate change has become the focus of global attention. Although the issue of climate change mitigation begins with the global climate change model and international agreements to reduce emissions, But cities / communities, as places where greenhouse gases are emitted directly, where people live and feel the effects of climate change directly, are equally essential on this scale. And individual multi-level technology solutions to achieve the goal of mitigating climate change effectively, and community-scale carbon abatement is an important part of it. And under the influence of IPCC greenhouse gas abatement policy, The global response to climate change is focused on areas such as science, technology and economic policy. But the role of land use, transportation, infrastructure and construction without traditional spatial planning controls has been proven. The response to climate change has not yielded satisfactory results. Existing research has largely focused on the entire city, using top-down consumption data that do not correspond to the spatial elements of urban planning. Lack of adequate carbon emission model data to guide low-carbon community space. This paper adopts the technical route of "why one is doing what one does? how to do it". First of all, it summarizes the actual needs of the development of low-carbon cities through the contents, methods and tools of the development of low-carbon cities. Proposing the trend of low-carbon planning to understand the relationship between urban / community scale built environment characteristics and energy demand and carbon emissions, and the need for low-carbon planning to achieve carbon emission impacts and land use, On the basis of this theory, the connotation of carbon assessment of built environment is explained in terms of core concept, basic characteristics and target composition, which is the theoretical basis of model construction. Secondly, starting with the analysis of urban carbon cycle elements and community function, the paper puts forward the framework of environmental carbon assessment model from two aspects of model calculation and spatial decomposition, and solves the problem of "what to do". The metabolic method was used to model the carbon metabolism cycle in the community of overseas Chinese city, quantifying the carbon storage and horizontal, vertical flow process in the community. The model input data (soil cover, population, building type), Plant structure) comes from a combination of spatial and non-spatial data. The model outputs community as a whole and buildings, residents travel, residents live, The forms of carbon flow quantification and spatial decomposition in soil and vegetation subsectors are expressed and the spatial distribution characteristics of carbon emissions in different functional districts in the community of overseas Chinese Town are analyzed. Then, from the aspects of built environmental characteristics and planning indicators, the characteristics of carbon emissions are analyzed. Discuss its impact on carbon emissions, solve the problem of "how to do". The construction and application of community built environmental carbon assessment model based on metabolism theory is the core research result of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X821;TU984.12

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