呼和浩特市与包头市藏传佛教寺庙园林环境研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 11:18

本文选题：藏传佛教寺庙　切入点：佛教寺庙园林　出处：《内蒙古农业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：藏传佛教是我国佛教的一个重要分支，它的寺庙园林环境也有着自己独特之处。本文以呼和浩特市与包头市藏传佛教寺庙园林为研究对象，通过查阅大量文献资料和进行实地调研的基础上，选取了呼和浩特市与包头市现存的具有典型代表性的四座藏传佛教寺庙园林（大召、乌素图召、美岱召、五当召）作为调查研究的对象。在总结前人对藏传佛寺园林环境研究理论的基础上，从园林构成要素和园林环境特征等方面入手，分析得出藏传佛教寺庙园林构成要素主要包括：寺庙建筑、寺庙植物、寺庙特色小品，分析了建筑单体的空间形制以及群体的空间布局，寺庙特色小品的作用及特征、寺庙植物的选择特点及配置方式。结合调研内容归纳总结得出藏传佛教园林环境特征包括以下几方面：（1）藏传佛教寺庙园林的选址分为三类：城镇型藏传佛教寺庙、郊区型藏传佛教寺庙、山林型藏传佛教寺庙。城镇型藏传佛教寺庙主要以人工构景为主，寺庙周围环境一般是介于佛寺园林环境与城市园林环境之间；郊区型藏传佛寺和山林型藏传佛教寺庙主要是以自然景观为主，寺庙周围环境优美。（2）藏传佛教寺庙庭院景观布局形式分为：藏式园林寺庙空间、汉式园林寺庙空间、汉藏混合式园林寺庙空间。藏式园林寺庙空间是以一座或者是一组主体建筑为中心，其它建筑自由的分布在其周围。汉式园林寺庙空间遵循着严格的中轴对称模式，空间上存在明显的等级地位。汉藏混合式园林寺庙空间是在藏式和汉式布局的基础上进行了适当的变通。（3）藏传佛教寺庙建筑空间处理方式包括：空间对比，以小视大；时空结合，，形成序列。利用建筑空间不同尺度的对比，在空间内对建筑进行合理的组织、布局，形成丰富的空间变化，再将一系列不同尺度与不同功能的建筑空间按照一定的观赏路线有组织的结合起来，形成了建筑空间景观序列。（4）藏传佛教寺庙园林意境的营造手法。通过使用造园学与建筑学的理论对藏传佛教寺庙园林环境作出了系统的探索和研究，揭示其深刻的历史及文化内涵，最终提出对藏传佛教寺庙园林环境保护的重要性。
[Abstract]:Tibetan Buddhism is an important branch of Buddhism in China, its temple garden environment also has its own unique place. On the basis of consulting a great deal of literature and carrying out field investigation, four representative Tibetan Buddhist temple gardens (Dazhao, Usutu, Meidai) are selected from Hohhot and Baotou. As the object of investigation and research. On the basis of summing up the previous researches on the landscape environment of Tibetan Buddhist temple, from the aspects of garden elements and landscape environment characteristics, the author concludes that the main elements of Tibetan Buddhist temple landscape architecture include: temple architecture, temple plants, etc. This paper analyzes the spatial form of the monolithic architecture, the spatial distribution of the group, the function and characteristics of the mono-style monastery, The selection and disposition of temple plants. Combined with the investigation and summary of the Tibetan Buddhist landscape environment characteristics including the following aspects:. 1) the site selection of Tibetan Buddhist temple gardens can be divided into three categories: urban Tibetan Buddhist temples, suburban Tibetan Buddhist temples, mountain forest Tibetan Buddhist temples. The surrounding environment of the temple is generally between the garden environment of the Buddhist temple and the urban garden environment; the suburban Tibetan Buddhist temple and the mountain forest type Tibetan Buddhist temple are mainly based on the natural landscape, and the surrounding environment of the temple is beautiful. 2) the landscape layout of Tibetan Buddhist temple courtyard is divided into Tibetan garden temple space, Han garden temple space, Han Tibetan mixed garden temple space, Tibetan garden temple space centered on one or a group of main buildings. Other buildings are freely distributed around them. The Han style garden temple space follows a strict central axisymmetric pattern. There is an obvious hierarchical position in space. The mixed garden temple space of Han and Tibetan style is adapted on the basis of Tibetan and Han style layout. 3) the methods of handling the architectural space of Tibetan Buddhist temples include: space contrast, small vision, space-time combination, formation of sequence. Using the contrast of different scales of architectural space, reasonable organization and layout of architecture are carried out in the space. Form rich space changes, and then a series of different scales and different functions of the architectural space in accordance with a certain viewing route organized together, formed the architectural space landscape sequence. (4) the artistic conception of Tibetan Buddhist temple garden. By using the theories of gardening and architecture, this paper makes a systematic exploration and study on the landscape environment of Tibetan Buddhist temples, reveals its profound historical and cultural connotation, and finally puts forward the importance of protecting the garden environment of Tibetan Buddhist temples.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU986

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