基于城市规划视角下的城市内涝防治研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 09:50

本文选题：城市规划　切入点：城市内涝　出处：《兰州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国城市化的快速发展,各种“城市病”集中凸显与爆发,频发的城市内涝问题,更是城市可持续发展与城市化水平提升面临的现实障碍与治理难题。城市内涝问题不仅威胁城市的健康和安全,也造成巨大的生命和财产损失,防涝成为城市安全的新命题。然而城市内涝成因复杂,现有解决方案也多为水文水利工程、市政工程等学科角度,具有一定的局限性。城市内涝防治需要社会各界的极度关注,作为城市规划师,城市规划建设如何最大程度地避免城市内涝的发生并减少灾害损失是义不容辞的责任和义务。本文首先运用文献分析法对我国城市内涝灾害的发展现状、特征及其影响进行系统的梳理,其次,剖析引发城市内涝灾害的影响因素,在此基础上反思城市规划的不合理之处；然后,借鉴国内外经典城市规划防涝策略的经验,对我国城市规划防涝有所启示：最后,从城市规划的视角提出构建城市防涝体系,以期为解决城市内涝问题提出科学有效的治理途径。根据本文分析可知,城市内涝成因主要包括自然因素和人为因素两个方面,自然因素主要指全球气候变化和城市化对城市气候环境的改变造成的降雨强度变大,以及因下垫面改变而使得低洼地区积水的产生：人为因素是本文重点叙述的内容,通过规划理念、物质空间规划、技术方法和规划管理四个方向进行梳理,得出城市内涝成因综合体系。城市规划视角下的城市防涝体系包括规划理念控制内涝、城市建设控制内涝及规划管理控制内涝三大部分,其中,规划理念控制内涝主要包括主动防灾理念、弹性规划理念、生态规划理念,城市建设控制内涝主要从用地布局、道路与竖向设计、排水系统、生态基础设施建设、防涝灾害系统、雨水利用及对暴雨强度公式的修订等方面着手,规划管理控制内涝主要从建立防涝管理系统及制定城市防涝法等方面着手。本文从城市规划专业出发进行城市内涝防治研究有助于规划师消化吸收相关规划理论,从根本上解决城市内涝问题,也有利于将城市内涝问题反馈给城市规划理论研究者；打破城市防灾减灾被动适应城市规划的局面,补充完善现有城市防灾规划体系,并为城市防涝专项规划体系的编制打下基础。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization in China, all kinds of "urban diseases" have focused on highlighting and erupting, with frequent urban waterlogging problems. Urban waterlogging not only threatens the health and safety of the city, but also causes huge loss of life and property. Waterlogging prevention has become a new proposition for urban safety. However, the causes of urban waterlogging are complex, and the existing solutions are mostly hydrological and hydraulic engineering, municipal engineering and other disciplines, which have certain limitations. The prevention and control of urban waterlogging needs the extreme attention of all walks of life. As a city planner, it is an unshirkable responsibility and obligation to avoid the occurrence of urban waterlogging and reduce the disaster loss in urban planning and construction. In this paper, firstly, the development status, characteristics and effects of urban waterlogging disasters in China are systematically combed with the literature analysis method. Secondly, the influencing factors of urban waterlogging disasters are analyzed. On this basis, we reflect on the irrationality of urban planning, and then, draw lessons from the experience of the classic urban planning and waterlogging prevention strategies at home and abroad, and give some enlightenment to the waterlogging prevention of urban planning in China. Finally, from the perspective of urban planning, we propose to construct the urban waterlogging prevention system. In order to solve the problem of urban waterlogging put forward a scientific and effective approach. According to the analysis of this paper, the causes of urban waterlogging mainly include natural factors and human factors. Natural factors mainly refer to the increase of rainfall intensity caused by the changes of global climate change and urbanization to urban climate environment. And the formation of water accumulation in low-lying areas due to the change of underlying surface: human factors are the main contents of this paper, which are combed through four directions: planning concept, material space planning, technical methods and planning management. The urban waterlogging prevention system from the perspective of urban planning is composed of three parts: planning concept, urban construction control and planning management, among which, the urban waterlogging prevention system includes three parts: urban waterlogging control system, urban waterlogging control system and urban waterlogging control system. Planning concept of waterlogging control mainly includes the concept of active disaster prevention, flexible planning concept, ecological planning concept, urban construction and waterlogging control mainly from land layout, road and vertical design, drainage system, ecological infrastructure construction, The waterlogging prevention system, Rain Water's utilization and the revision of the formula of rainstorm intensity, etc., and the planning, management and control of waterlogging mainly start from the establishment of waterlogging prevention management system and the formulation of urban waterlogging prevention law and so on. The study of urban waterlogging prevention and control from the perspective of urban planning can help planners digest and absorb relevant planning theories, solve the problem of urban waterlogging fundamentally, and feed back the problem of urban waterlogging to the researchers of urban planning theory. To break the situation of passive adaptation of urban disaster prevention and mitigation to urban planning, to supplement and improve the existing urban disaster prevention planning system, and to lay a foundation for the compilation of special urban waterlogging prevention planning system.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.116

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