转型期基于社会公平问题导向型的城市规划研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 20:52

本文选题：社会公平　切入点：城市规划　出处：《天津大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：追求效率是市场经济的基本特征，正是这个特征，导致了一些社会不公平问题的发生，如果不对这些问题采取适当的措施，就会加大甚至激化了社会矛盾，阻碍社会发展。社会公平涉及的内容主要指向公共领域，而作为政府重要的公共政策，城市规划必定会成为社会公平诉求的主要对象。在此背景下，本课题创新性地将社会学等学科的理论和方法交叉运用到规划研究之中，从促进社会公平的角度探讨不同层面城市规划所存在的问题及相应的改进措施，旨在通过解决规划公平问题促进社会公平的基础上，进一步保障社会健康有序的发展。本文以“宏观-中观-微观”为脉络，分别就城市总体发展模式及设施的公平布局，城市重大资源周边用地的公平指标，和谐社区的公平规划三个层面进行深入研究，并从社会公平的角度对现行城市规划管理制度的优化展开探讨。宏观层面，通过对不同城市发展模式特点进行研究，得出单中心是中小城市发展的最佳模式，而多中心模式则是大城市追求社会公平的必然选择。同时，为了实现各城市中心的公平发展，城市市政基础设施和社会公共服务设施布局都要实现“空间公平”和“标准公平”。中观层面，创新性地引入相对剥夺理论与“基尼系数”量化指标，，通过问卷调查、基尼系数来量化“相对剥夺”理论等方法，对重大城市公共资源周边区域的用地布局进行研究，并以城市公共绿地及快捷交通站点为例探讨构建公平指标的模式与方法。微观层面，主要包括基于空间公正的社区资源配置的研究和公平问题导向型的社区规划的研究。同时创新性的提出采用不同收入阶层在一定程度上混合居住的“向下兼容的混合社区”模式。制度层面，通过阐释国内城市规划体系中的现状与核心问题，对城市规划制度中公平问题较突出的审批决策体制进行研究，得出城市规划委员会制度的改进与城市规划非政府组织（规划NGO）的建立是实现城市规划制度公平的关键所在。
[Abstract]:The pursuit of efficiency is the basic characteristic of the market economy. It is this characteristic that has led to the occurrence of some social inequity problems. If we do not take appropriate measures against these problems, we will increase or even intensify social contradictions. As an important public policy of the government, urban planning is bound to be the main object of social equity. This paper innovatively applies the theories and methods of sociology and other disciplines to the planning research, and discusses the problems existing in different levels of urban planning from the angle of promoting social equity and the corresponding improvement measures. The aim is to ensure the healthy and orderly development of society on the basis of promoting social equity by solving the problem of planning equity. In this paper, in the context of "macro-meso-micro", three levels of urban overall development model and fair layout of facilities, the fair index of land around major resources, and the fair planning of harmonious community are studied in depth. And from the angle of social equity, the optimization of the current urban planning management system is discussed. At the macro level, through the study of the characteristics of different urban development models, it is concluded that the single center is the best model for the development of small and medium-sized cities, while the multi-center model is the inevitable choice for large cities to pursue social equity. In order to realize the fair development of urban centers, the layout of urban municipal infrastructure and social public service facilities should realize "spatial equity" and "standard equity". At the middle level, the relative deprivation theory and the quantitative index of Gini coefficient are introduced innovatively, and the relative deprivation theory is quantified by questionnaire survey, Gini coefficient and so on. This paper studies the distribution of land around major urban public resources, and discusses the mode and method of constructing fair indexes by taking urban public green space and fast traffic stations as examples. At the micro level, It mainly includes the research on the allocation of community resources based on spatial justice and the research on equity-oriented community planning. At the same time, the innovative proposal is to adopt a "downward compatible" approach in which different income groups are mixed to a certain extent. Mixed community "model." At the institutional level, by explaining the present situation and the core problems of the urban planning system in China, the author studies the decision system of examination and approval, which is more prominent in the urban planning system. It is concluded that the improvement of urban planning committee system and the establishment of urban planning non-governmental organization (NGO) are the key to realize the fairness of urban planning system.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984

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