基于景观指数分析的城市绿道网络构建研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 19:51

本文选题：景观指数　切入点：绿道网络　出处：《湖南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文首先阐述了绿道网络的研究背景、意义,从绿道构成要素、绿道构建方法、基于景观指数分析的绿道网络构建方法以及绿道网络实践四个方面分析和总结了国内外的研究现状,得出在现阶段研究中,景观指数分析方法是研究景观格局比较科学准确的方法。在此基础上,对景观指数分析方法以及其在绿道网络构建中的应用进行了重点介绍,通过对比分析城市的现状绿地和规划绿地的六种景观指数(斑块个数、斑块密度、最大斑块指数、平均斑块面积、斑块聚集度指数和周长面积比),判断出规划后的绿地系统在景观格局方面的变化,尤其是在景观破碎度和连接性方面的变化,得出规划绿地在景观系统层面应改进的内容。最后,通过四种不同的廊道与节点连接方式构建四种绿道网络进行廊道结构和廊道网络的对比分析,评选出最理想方案,再耦合城市的现状和特色进行调整和完善,最终得出最优化的绿道网络方案,为城市的景观格局优化提供指导和参考。本文选取典型的中部丘陵城市——长沙为例,运用景观指数分析的绿道网络构建方法,进行实例验证。首先根据长沙市中心城区现状绿地图和长沙市中心城区绿地系统规划图(2012—2020)(下简称长沙市中心城区绿地规划图)提取三种景观类型：绿地斑块、道路绿道、河流绿道的资料,转化为GIS可编辑计算的格式,计算出其斑块周长、斑块个数、斑块面积,根据GIS分析数据得出斑块个数、斑块密度、最大斑块指数、平均斑块面积、斑块聚集度指数和周长面积比六种景观指数值。通过分析发现,长沙市绿地系统规划虽然增加了绿地的个数和面积,但导致景观系统破碎度增加和连接度下降,主要原因为城市物质空间发展对绿地网络系统的隔断,应对此问题,本文通过构建绿道网络来降低景观破碎化和提高连接度。根据长沙市绿道网络节点和廊道的分布,在充分分析和了解每个节点和廊道的主要功能和周边用地情况下,对其进行分级划定,通过四种不同的廊道与节点连接方式构建四种绿道方案,利用廊道结构指数和网络结构指数对四种方案进行综合对比分析,分析结果表明绿道网络方案四是较理想的绿道网络,再结合城市现状和特色对方案四进行相关调整和修改,最终得到既考虑城市建设又对生态景观有利的绿道规划方案,使城市的生态系统和城市系统二者达到和谐共生。
[Abstract]:This paper first describes the research background and significance of the Green Road Network, from the elements of the Green Road, the construction method of the Green Road, The green road network construction method based on landscape index analysis and the green road network practice are analyzed and summarized in four aspects. Landscape index analysis method is a scientific and accurate method to study landscape pattern. On the basis of this, the landscape index analysis method and its application in the construction of green road network are introduced emphatically. Six landscape indices (patch number, patch density, maximum patch index, average patch area) of urban green space and planning greenbelt were compared and analyzed. The index of patch aggregation and the ratio of perimeter to area were used to judge the changes in landscape pattern, especially in landscape fragmentation and connectivity. Finally, through four different corridor and node connection way to construct four kinds of green way network to carry on corridor structure and corridor network contrast analysis, select the most ideal scheme, Recoupling the current situation and characteristics of the city to adjust and improve, and finally get the optimal green road network scheme, to provide guidance and reference for the optimization of the urban landscape pattern. This paper takes Changsha, a typical central hilly city, as an example, and applies the method of green road network construction based on landscape index analysis. First of all, according to the green map of Changsha central urban area and the planning map of green space system of Changsha city center, three landscape types are extracted: green patch, road green road, and so on. The data of river green channel are transformed into GIS's editable format to calculate the patch perimeter, patch number, patch area. According to the GIS analysis data, the patch number, patch density, maximum patch index, average patch area are obtained. The patch aggregation index and perimeter area ratio of six landscape indices were analyzed. It was found that although the number and area of green space were increased in Changsha, the fragmentation of landscape system increased and the connectivity decreased. The main reason is the partition of the urban material space development to the green space network system. In this paper, the green road network is constructed to reduce the landscape fragmentation and improve the connectivity. According to the distribution of the nodes and corridors of the green road network in Changsha, Based on the analysis and understanding of the main functions of each node and corridor and the surrounding land use, the paper classifies each node and corridor, and constructs four green road schemes through four different ways of corridor and node connection. By using corridor structure index and network structure index, the four schemes are compared and analyzed. The results show that green road network scheme 4 is an ideal green road network, and then combined with the current situation and characteristics of the city, the fourth scheme is adjusted and modified. Finally, the green road planning scheme, which not only considers the urban construction but also benefits the ecological landscape, makes the urban ecosystem and urban system harmonious and symbiotic.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU985

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