关于隋唐长安城木构建筑耗材量的研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 20:19

本文选题：隋唐长安城　切入点：木构建筑　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文从定量思维角度出发，以隋唐长安城的木构建筑为研究对象，通过计算建筑的材木消耗量还原出采伐森林的面积，旨在探索隋唐时期都城长安人地关系，检讨历史的得与失，并对于认识与解决当今社会的生态环境问题具有借鉴意义。论文首先通过建立理想模型，即建立一个理想状态下的隋唐长安城，弱化一些将要因素，使问题由复杂多变而至有迹可寻。在此条件下，搭建了隋唐木构建筑理论框架，提出采用建筑历史文献与建筑遗址相结合的方法，是研究隋唐木构建筑理论的有效路径。在此基础上，利用隋唐建筑遗址中散存的柱础石上保留的建筑信息，还原出立柱的直径，再根据柱径与材之间的倍数关系推导出材的大小，进而推演出隋唐木构建筑材份等级序列，为全文的展开奠定理论基础。论文检验了计算木构建筑耗材量的三种方法，即大木构件总体积计算法、大木构件“计料”法与工匠经验预算法。研究发现当进行个案研究或对比研究时，需要准确的数字来探讨其中规律，此时需要用前两种方法进行精密计算，而工匠经验预算法更适用于整体估算。同时还发现三种计算方法可以统一到一个数学表达式中，即修正后的工匠经验预算法。论文在理论及计算方法的指导下对隋唐长安城木构建筑进行了量化分析，得出了一个大致的耗材量范围区间，并推导出采伐周边森林的面积，指出材木采伐量及森林采伐面积是一个累积的过程，，对生态环境的影响不会立刻显现，即在时间、空间上产生累积环境效应，而呈现出相对滞后的特征。此外，论文还分析了建筑耗材量与隋唐长安城市规划及社会管理之间的关系，提出建筑的耗材在城市选址、城市尺度以及城市发展空间等方面产生一定程度上影响。同时指出控制采伐建筑用材是社会管理的重要方面，只有制定出相应的法规法令，规范行业行为，才能阻止森林的人为破坏。
[Abstract]:From the point of view of quantitative thinking, this paper takes the wood structure building of Changan City in Sui and Tang dynasties as the research object. By calculating the wood and wood consumption of the building, the area of the harvested forest is reduced, in order to explore the relationship between the people and the land in Changan, the capital city of the Sui and Tang dynasties. To review the historical gains and losses, and to understand and solve the ecological environment problems in today's society has reference significance. Firstly, by establishing an ideal model, that is, establishing an ideal city of Changan in Sui and Tang dynasties, the paper weakens some factors and makes the problem from complex and changeable to traceable. Under this condition, the theoretical framework of wooden architecture in Sui and Tang dynasties is built. This paper puts forward the method of combining architectural historical documents with architectural sites, which is an effective way to study the theory of wooden architecture in Sui and Tang dynasties. On the basis of this, the architectural information of the scattered pillar foundation stone in the architectural sites of the Sui and Tang dynasties is used. The diameter of the column is reduced and the size of the timber is deduced according to the multiple relation between the diameter of the column and the timber, and then the grade sequence of wood construction materials of the Sui and Tang dynasties is deduced, which lays a theoretical foundation for the full text. This paper examines three methods for calculating the consumption of wood structures, that is, the total volume calculation of large wood components, the "material counting" method for large wood members and the empirical budget method for craftsmen. It is found that when a case study is carried out or a comparative study is carried out, We need accurate numbers to study the rules, and the first two methods need to be used for precise calculation, while the craftsman's empirical budget method is more suitable for the whole estimation. At the same time, it is found that the three calculation methods can be unified into one mathematical expression. That is, the revised craftsman experience budget law. Under the guidance of theory and calculation method, the paper analyzed the wood structure of Changan city in Sui and Tang dynasties, and got a general range of material consumption, and deduced the area of the forest around the cutting. It is pointed out that wood cutting amount and forest cutting area are a cumulative process, and the impact on ecological environment will not be immediately apparent, that is, cumulative environmental effects will occur in time and space, and the characteristics are relatively lagging behind. The paper also analyzes the relationship between the consumption of building materials and the city planning and social management of Changan in Sui and Tang dynasties, and puts forward the location of building consumables in the city. At the same time, it is pointed out that the control of felling building materials is an important aspect of social management. Only by formulating corresponding laws and regulations, and standardizing the behavior of the industry, In order to prevent the destruction of the forest.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU366.2;TU984.2

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