广州地区立体绿化对建筑热环境及能耗影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 11:36

本文选题：立体绿化　切入点：生态环境　出处：《广州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为改善城镇化及新农村建设带来的生态环境破坏、生活环境恶化及能源消耗增多等问题，，根据广州地区城镇及新农村的立体绿化现有条件及潜在条件，加快立体绿化在城镇及新农村的建设，将是改善生态环境和生活环境，缓解能源紧张的有效措施。立体绿化是包括了垂直绿化、屋顶绿化、坡面绿化及三台（阳台、窗台、露台）绿化等绿化方式的综合绿化方式。本文主要是以广州地区佛甲草绿化屋顶+预制式挂箱绿化墙立体绿化建筑和藤蔓覆盖式立体绿化建筑作为研究对象。首先，参与到佛甲草绿化屋顶和肾蕨及鸭跖草培植箱体预制式绿化墙体的立体绿化建设当中。然后，通过测试在只有佛甲草屋顶绿化时建筑室内屋顶垂直方向的温度及湿度变化值，测试预制式挂箱绿化墙和藤蔓附架式绿化墙体处平行墙面方向风速及太阳辐照度两参数的变化值。研究广州地区佛甲草屋顶绿化建筑的室内热环境和两种立体绿化建筑的室内热环境。最后，建立了两类型立体绿化建筑的能耗模拟模型，通过能耗模拟结果分析两类型立体绿化分别对建筑能耗的影响。最终测试发现，佛甲草屋顶绿化处屋顶外表面温度较对照屋屋顶外表面低约7.6oC，另屋顶绿化室外小环境平均温度较对照屋要低2.1oC，平均相对湿度较对照屋要高出4.8%，屋顶绿化对建筑室外微环境起到一定的降温增湿作用；佛甲草绿化屋顶内表面温度比对照屋屋顶内表面平均要低约2.2oC，且室内空气平均温度比对照屋要低约1.1oC，屋顶绿化对建筑室内环境起到降温作用。此外，通过比较测试时间段内各温度值发现，屋顶绿化在一天内温度相对较高的时间段对室内空气有降温效果，在一天内温度相对较低的时候对室内空气有保温效果，且绿化屋面的隔热性能、延迟性及热稳定性都要比对照屋的好。另外，预制式挂箱绿化墙、藤蔓附架式垂直绿化墙面处平行墙面方向的空气流速要较室外大环境的空气流速约分别低1.7m/s、2m/s；另墙面处的平均太阳辐照度要较距绿叶面1m处的平均太阳辐照度约分别低461W/m~2、430W/m~2。分析结果表明，墙面传热系数将因平行墙面的墙面风速的变小而减小，直接影响室内冷负荷中的墙体得热量；太阳辐照度的减少将使建筑外墙表面温度降低，同样影响室内冷负荷中的墙体得热量。综合分析表明，立体绿化通过改变建筑室内温度，在炎热的夏季可有效的改善广州地区建筑室内热环境及室外微环境。另外，能耗模拟结果表明，藤蔓附架式围护结构及预制式挂箱绿化墙两类型立体绿化下，建筑空调能耗与无立体绿化空调能耗差值分别为：623.3kW·h、690.5kW·h，若一条村有200户人家，则可分别节省能耗124652.8kW·h、138102.6kW·h。推广至整个广东地区，则能耗的节省量将是一非常庞大及可观的数值，节能效果明显。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the ecological environment damage, living environment deterioration and energy consumption increase caused by urbanization and new rural construction, according to the existing conditions and potential conditions of three-dimensional greening in the cities and towns and the new countryside in Guangzhou area, Speeding up the construction of stereoscopic greening in towns and new rural areas will be an effective measure to improve the ecological environment and living environment and relieve energy stress. Stereoscopic greening includes vertical greening, roof greening, slope greening and three sets (balcony, window sill). Terrace) Comprehensive greening such as greening. This paper mainly takes the prefabricated box green wall building and the vine cover type stereoscopic green building as the research object. To participate in the construction of three-dimensional greening of the green roof of Arcutella chinensis and the prefabricated greening wall of the kidney fern and plantar cultivation box. Then, through testing the temperature and humidity change value of the vertical direction of the indoor roof of the building when only the roof is greening, The variation values of wind speed and solar irradiance in parallel wall direction between prefabricated box green wall and vines attached green wall were tested. The indoor thermal environment and two kinds of stereoscopic green were studied in the greening building of Buddha's shroud roof in Guangzhou area. The indoor thermal environment of the building. Finally, The energy consumption simulation model of two types of stereoscopic greening building is established, and the influence of two types of stereoscopic greening on building energy consumption is analyzed by the result of energy consumption simulation. The final test found that. The temperature of the outer surface of the green roof is about 7.6oC lower than that of the control house, and the average temperature of outdoor environment is 2.1 OC lower than that of the control house, and the average relative humidity is 4.8oC higher than that of the control house. External microenvironment plays a certain role in cooling and humidifying; The interior surface temperature of the green roof is about 2.2 OC lower than that of the control house, and the average indoor air temperature is about 1.1 OC lower than that of the control house. The roof greening has a cooling effect on the indoor environment of the building. By comparing the temperature values in the test period, it is found that roof greening has cooling effect on indoor air in the period of relatively high temperature in one day, and thermal insulation effect on indoor air when the temperature is relatively low in one day. And the thermal insulation, delay and thermal stability of the green roof are better than those of the control. The average solar irradiance in the other wall is about 1.7m/ s / s lower than that in the outside environment, and the average solar irradiance is about 1 m / m ~ (-1) from the green leaf surface. The average solar irradiance at the vertical virescence wall is about 1.7 m / s / s lower than that in the outside environment respectively, and the average solar irradiance on the other wall is about 1 m from the green leaf surface. Don't be 461W / mnrmngt / mrt / mgt 430W / mr2. the analysis shows that, The heat transfer coefficient of the wall will be reduced because of the decrease of wind speed on the wall of the parallel wall, which will directly affect the heat of the wall in the indoor cold load, and the decrease of solar irradiance will reduce the surface temperature of the exterior wall of the building. The comprehensive analysis shows that the three-dimensional greening can effectively improve the indoor thermal environment and outdoor microenvironment in the hot summer by changing the indoor temperature of the building. In addition, the energy consumption simulation results show that the difference between the energy consumption of building air conditioning and that of air conditioning without three dimensional greening is 623.3kW 路heng 690.5kW 路h under the condition of vines attached to the enclosure structure and the prefabricated box green wall. If there are 200 families in a village, the difference between the energy consumption of building air conditioning and that of non-stereoscopic green air conditioning is 623.3kW 路h, respectively. The energy consumption can be saved by 124652.8kW 路h ~ (-1) 8102.6kW 路h respectively. If it is extended to the whole Guangdong area, the saving amount of energy consumption will be very large and considerable, and the energy saving effect will be obvious.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU111;TU985

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