相变建筑材料在建筑节能领域的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 18:32

本文选题：建筑节能　切入点：相变　出处：《哈尔滨工程大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新世纪，随着全世界人民生活水平的不断提高，人们对建筑内环境的舒适度要求也不断提高，与之相应的建筑能耗也越来越高，这就造成全球环境污染加剧，能源消耗过快。在热的舒适度、能耗、环境三者中找到合理的平衡点已成为建筑设计、建筑节能领域工作者的永恒主题。建筑围护结构利用相变储能建筑材料，可以有效降低室内温度波动，使建筑供暖或空调少用能量，提高舒适度和能源利用效率；同时可以解决热能供给和需求失配的矛盾，使空调或供暖系统在夜间运行，避开用电高峰以降低运行费用，达到节能的目的。本论文在调查研究国内现在的建筑节能技术主要是外墙外保温的基础上，了解了当前墙体保温技术中存在的不足，进而得出如何应用相变材料来使围护结构蓄能而又节能新思路。此后，进一步对这种相变材料在建筑应用中进行可行性分析和质量鉴定。本文主要从三个方面进行研究讨论：首先初步了解相变建筑材料，从概念、应用原理、选择方法、种类特性、节能价值几个方面进行研究和阐述。其次，研究讨论其应用的可行性，主要包括三个方面：制备技术、节能效果、应用质量。这主要是通过借鉴国内外该领域当前的研究成果、市场化程度、实验测试结果、建筑节能技术标准、节能技术评价指标、国内产品的质量检测方法、检测参数、施工技术优势等各方面进行阐述和讨论。最后，以应用该技术的国内外示范性建筑为例，说明相变建筑材料在地板、墙面、屋顶等维护结构上应用的节能效果。本文最后列举了国内外两个住宅使用案例，阐述了该材料在施工过程中的技术要点，绘制了施工大样图，，并对项目的节能效果做了初步分析。本论文最终将得出相变材料在建筑节能中占有很大优势，此外还具备了相变建筑节能材料可以在大范围内推广使用的可行性报告。笔者认为相变建筑材料在未来建筑节能领域有很广阔的应用。不可否认，这种新型材料的推广使用会面临很多的困难。但未来相变建筑材料节能市场的美好前景值得我们去进一步研究，我们迫切需要建筑材料相关领域科研人员展开进一步的理论探讨和实验调查。
[Abstract]:In the new century, with the continuous improvement of the living standards of the people all over the world, people's requirements for the comfort of the building environment are also continuously raised, and the corresponding building energy consumption is also increasing, which results in the worsening of global environmental pollution. Energy consumption is too fast. Finding a reasonable balance point among the thermal comfort, energy consumption and environment has become the eternal theme of the workers in the field of architectural design and energy conservation. It can effectively reduce the fluctuation of indoor temperature, reduce the energy consumption of building heating or air conditioning, improve comfort and energy use efficiency, at the same time, it can solve the contradiction between heat energy supply and demand mismatch, and make air conditioning or heating system run at night. Avoid the peak power consumption to reduce the operating costs, to achieve the purpose of energy conservation. On the basis of investigation and research on the existing building energy saving technology in China, which is mainly external insulation of external wall, this paper understands the shortcomings of the current wall insulation technology. Then, a new idea on how to use phase change material to store energy and save energy is obtained. Further, the feasibility analysis and quality appraisal of the phase change material in building application are carried out. This paper mainly studies and discusses the phase change building material from three aspects: first, the concept, the application principle, the selection method, the type characteristic, the concept, the application principle, the choice method, the type characteristic, Secondly, the feasibility of its application is discussed, including three aspects: preparation technology, energy saving effect, application quality. The degree of marketization, the test results, the technical standard of building energy saving, the evaluation index of energy saving technology, the quality testing method of domestic products, the testing parameters, the advantages of construction technology and so on are expounded and discussed. Taking the domestic and foreign demonstration buildings using this technology as an example, the energy saving effect of phase change building materials applied in floor, wall, roof and other maintenance structures is illustrated. Finally, two cases of domestic and foreign residential use are listed. This paper expounds the technical points of the material in the construction process, draws the construction sample diagram, and makes a preliminary analysis on the energy saving effect of the project. In the end, this paper will conclude that phase change material has a great advantage in building energy saving. In addition, there is a feasibility report that phase change building materials can be widely used in a wide range. The author thinks that phase change building materials will be widely used in the field of building energy conservation in the future. The popularization and use of this new type of materials will face many difficulties. But the bright prospect of the energy saving market of phase change building materials in the future is worth our further study. We urgently need researchers in related fields of building materials to carry out further theoretical and experimental investigations.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU201.5;TU50

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