日照环境与住宅形态关系影响下的高层高密度住区设计

发布时间：2018-03-28 01:41

本文选题：住区　切入点：高层高密度　出处：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国城市化进程的飞速发展,城市人口的快速激增,土地资源的日益匮乏,如何有效解决人口与土地的紧张关系已成为一个重要的城市问题。居住区作为一种常见的建筑类型在整个城市建筑总量当中占有相当大的比重,对城市土地资源的需求量也是所有建筑类型之中最多的一种,通过提高住区高度和容积率的方式来节约土地资源成为了一种有效的解决方式。在住区高度和容积率指标不断提升的因素影响下,新的矛盾开始显现：高密度的居住环境难以保证充足的日照采光和良好的自然通风,其中日照作为国家强制性标准于2002年开始实行。但是规划部门提出的住宅用地规划设计条件中容积率的设定往往通过经验值的提取,缺乏明确依据。在实际项目中往往出现日照标准与容积率指标无法兼顾的矛盾。研究阶段,通过对南京河西地区数个高层住区实例的调查分析,对高层的用地面积、容积率、层数和户型单元和总体组织形态等特点进行归纳,并对住宅单体与组合的理论模型进行日照分析及计算,求解住宅形体与日照间距的量化关系,并提出基于现行日照标准的高密度排布方法。设计阶段,通过南京河西低碳生态城E-3-5地块为载体进行城市设计及单体设计,根据上一阶段的研究结果直接参与总体规划设计,并确定合适的容积率指标,利用CFD软件对形体进行风环境优化,在此基础上,再在建筑层面对总体规划进行深化设计,得到一套日照环境和风环境向好的设计方案。本文的研究与设计过程利用计算机软件模拟技术,通过量化日照环境、风环境等手段,提出住宅形体与日照间距的量化关系,提出居住用地的容积率估算的可行性和具体操作方法,为高层高密度住区的设计方法提供一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the rapid increase of urban population and the scarcity of land resources, How to effectively solve the tension between population and land has become an important urban problem. As a common type of building, residential area occupies a large proportion of the total amount of urban buildings. The demand for urban land resources is also one of the most of all architectural types. It has become an effective solution to save land resources by increasing the height and volume ratio of residential areas. Under the influence of the increasing index of residential height and volume ratio, new contradictions are emerging: it is difficult to ensure adequate sunshine and good natural ventilation in a high-density living environment. Among them, Rizhao was put into practice as a compulsory national standard in 2002. However, the setting of volume ratio in the planning and design conditions of residential land proposed by the planning department is often carried out through the extraction of empirical values. Lack of clear basis. In the actual project, there is often a contradiction between sunshine standard and volume ratio index. In the research stage, through the investigation and analysis of several high-rise residential areas in Hexi area of Nanjing, the characteristics of the land area, the volume ratio, the number of floors, the household type units and the overall organizational form of the high-rise buildings are summarized. The theoretical model of house unit and combination is analyzed and calculated, and the quantitative relationship between residential body and sunshine distance is solved, and a high-density arrangement method based on current sunshine standard is proposed. In the design stage, the urban design and monomer design are carried out through the E-3-5 plot of Hexi ecological city in Nanjing. According to the results of the previous stage, it is directly involved in the overall planning and design, and the appropriate volume ratio index is determined. The wind environment is optimized by using CFD software. On this basis, the overall planning is further designed at the architectural level, and a set of design scheme for sunshine environment and wind environment is obtained. The research and design process of this paper uses computer software simulation technology, through quantifying sunshine environment, wind environment and other means, puts forward the quantitative relationship between residential body and sunshine distance. This paper puts forward the feasibility and concrete operation method of estimating the volume ratio of residential land, which provides a certain reference for the design method of high-rise and high-density residential area.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.12

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