利用硅藻土制备轻质无机板材的研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 16:02

  本文选题：硅藻土　切入点：发泡　出处：《大连工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：保温隔热材料与制品是影响建筑节能一个重要因素。建筑保温材料的研制与应用越来越受到世界各国的普遍重视。保温材料的生产和在建筑中的应用,能大幅度减少能源的消耗量,从而减少环境污染和温室效应。既能保温隔热,又能防火,这是当今建筑的两大功能诉求,无机保温材料作为A级保温材料很好的满足了保温隔热、防火的要求。本文以发泡混凝土的制备过程为依据,采用化学发泡法,以硅藻土为主要原料,水泥作为粘结剂,用铝粉作为发泡剂,适当添加粉煤灰、可再分散性乳胶粉设计配方,在模具中成型的方法制备免烧免蒸的轻质板材。实验过程中,研究了不同原料配比和制备工艺对轻质板材的影响。运用XRD、SEM、抗压强度测试仪、导热仪等对轻质板材的物相组成、显微结构、孔径分布、抗压强度、导热系数等进行了表征。本实验通过控制硅藻土、水泥、粉煤灰的相对含量,使制备的板材具有一定的强度,通过添加一定量的铝粉,经过发泡使制备的板材达到轻质。成型之前的物料经过一定时间的球磨,从而实现了发泡和强度的均匀和稳定性。以硅藻土为主要原料,硅藻土45%-55%,水泥35%-45%,粉煤灰5%～10%,铝粉0.2%～0.5%,可再分散性乳胶粉0%～0.7%,球磨时间为2 h,水料比为1-1.1,成型24 h后脱模,浇水养护3 d,在60℃烘箱中干燥,所制备的硅藻土轻质板材抗压强度达到0.4 MPa,干表观密度达0.32 g·cm-3,导热系数在0.035 W/(m·K)-0.040 W/(m·K)之间,达到了轻质保温材料的要求。
[Abstract]:Thermal insulation materials and products are an important factor affecting building energy saving. The development and application of thermal insulation materials are paid more and more attention by the countries all over the world. It can greatly reduce energy consumption, thus reducing environmental pollution and Greenhouse Effect. It can keep heat and heat insulation as well as prevent fire. These are two major functional demands of today's buildings. Inorganic insulation material as A grade insulation material can meet the requirements of heat insulation and fire resistance. Based on the preparation process of foamed concrete, chemical foaming method is adopted, diatomite as main raw material and cement as binder. Using aluminum powder as foaming agent and adding fly ash properly, the formula of dispersible latex powder can be designed and the light weight plate without burning and no steam can be prepared by forming method in mould. The effects of different raw material ratio and preparation technology on the light weight sheet were studied. The phase composition, microstructure, pore size distribution, compressive strength of the light weight plate were obtained by using XRDX SEM, compressive strength tester, thermal conductivity instrument, etc. By controlling the relative content of diatomite, cement and fly ash, the prepared plate has a certain strength, and a certain amount of aluminum powder is added. After foaming, the prepared plate is light. The material before forming is milled for a certain time, thus achieving the uniformity and stability of foaming and strength. Diatomite is used as the main raw material. Diatomite 45-555, cement 35-45, fly ash 5101010, aluminum powder 0.2and 0.2um, and then dispersible latex powder 0 and 0.7.The milling time is 2 hours, the ratio of water to material is 1-1.1, after 24 hours of molding, the mold is removed, the pouring water is preserved for 3 days, and dried in the oven at 60 鈩，

本文编号：1681841