模板支架的安全风险研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 18:19

本文选题：模板支架 + 人为过失　；参考：《北京交通大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以施工期模板支架为研究对象,经过分析研究,完成以下工作,得出以下结论： (1)搜集整理我国近十二年内,模板支架的坍塌事故,从支架的类型、支架的高度、坍塌的阶段、发生破坏的永久结构的类型、伤亡的程度和导致坍塌的原因几个方面,做了统计分析,总结了事故发生的特点,从内因、外因和管理方面的原因三方面进行分析,总结导致我国模板支架坍塌事故频繁发生的根本原因； (2)针对功能函数是隐式或者功能函数复杂的情况,提出了一个新的灵敏度因子近似计算公式,并验证了公式的可行性； (3)对影响模板支架的极限承载力随机变量做敏感性分析,根据计算结果将步距、钢管壁厚、拧紧扭力矩、立杆超出顶层水平杆长度视为对可靠性影响较大的随机变量,同时忽略立杆水平间距的随机性； (4)计算不同工况下的高大模板支架的极限承载力,并对模板支架的极限承载力进行拟合,确定抗力的概率模型,通过参考文献获得荷载的概率模型,建立模板支架的极限状态方程,利用蒙特卡罗法计算支架的可靠度； (5)计算有人为过失、无人为过失和无剪刀撑三种情况下的可靠度。根据目标可靠度指标的要求,反算人为过失发生概率的上限值,根据计算分析结果,得出在施工过程中,必须严格控制人为过失和不设剪刀撑的发生。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the template bracket during construction as the research object, through the analysis and research, completes the following work, draws the following conclusions: (1) collecting and sorting out the collapse accidents of the template supports in China in the past 12 years, from the types of supports, the height of the scaffolds, the stage of collapse, the types of permanent structures that have been destroyed, the extent of casualties and the causes of the collapse. This paper makes statistical analysis, summarizes the characteristics of the accident, analyzes the internal cause, the external cause and the management reason, and summarizes the root cause of the frequent collapse of the formwork support in our country. (2) A new approximate formula of sensitivity factor is proposed for the case that the function function is implicit or complex, and the feasibility of the formula is verified. The sensitivity analysis of the random variables affecting the ultimate bearing capacity of the formwork support is made. According to the calculation results, the step distance, the wall thickness of the steel pipe, the tightening and torsion moment, the length of the vertical rod over the top horizontal bar are regarded as the random variables which have great influence on the reliability. At the same time, the randomness of the horizontal distance between the poles is ignored. (4) calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of the large formwork bracket under different working conditions, and fit the ultimate bearing capacity of the formwork bracket, determine the probability model of resistance, and obtain the probability model of load by reference. The limit state equation of the template bracket was established and the reliability of the support was calculated by Monte Carlo method. 5) calculate the reliability in the case of human fault, no-one fault and no scissors support. According to the requirements of the target reliability index, the upper limit value of the probability of occurrence of human negligence is back calculated. According to the results of calculation and analysis, it is concluded that in the construction process, the occurrence of human error and no scissors bracing must be strictly controlled.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU755.2

【参考文献】