寒地周边式布局住区开放空间舒适度优化策略

发布时间：2018-04-29 10:43

本文选题：寒地住区 + 开放空间　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：住区开放空间作为居民活动和交往的主要物质载体，是住区开放空间中最生动、最活跃的部分，肩负着丰富城市生活、提高居民生活质量和幸福指数的重要使命。与我国温带热带地区相比，寒地地区所处气候条件恶劣，寒地居民公共生活匮乏，寒地住区开放空间使用时间短，使用率低。因此，寒地住区开放空间的舒适水平影响着公共活动的数量和频度，因此营造良好的住区开放空间和热环境成为一项紧迫的任务。本文首先在研究了寒地住区开放空间概况的基础上，按照开放空间布局模式的不同，对寒地住区开放空间进行了分类，选取周边式布局的围合式住区开放空间为研究对象，此类开放空间在寒地具有良好气候适应性且数量多、分布广，具有研究价值。选取冷热交替季节为研究的时间段，以提高冷热交替季节寒地住区开放空间的热舒适度和使用率为研究目的。本文主要采用现场测试和软件模拟的方法，引入热舒适度的概念，并作为评价开放空间的评价指标。在现场测试中，通过测量温度、湿度、风速等微气候要素，探索影响开放空间热舒适度的设计要素，获取开放空间的D/H、东西向住宅长度、开口位置，下垫面材料等因素与开放空间的热舒适度的关系。与此同时，本文还对既有开放空间的使用情况做了详细研究，总结了寒地住区开放空间使用情况的时间分布特征和空间分布特征。本研究通过软件模拟的方法建立设计要素与热舒适度水平之间的量变关系，，经过反复大量的逐时模拟与验证，结合热舒适度的空间图和数值分布图，建立了设计要素与开放空间热舒适度之间的联系，并且在此基础上，提出寒地住区开放空间优化策略，包括合理布置活动区域，谨慎选择开口位置，注意开放空间的比例，重视平面围合和转角单元，鼓励对活动空间的二次限定，合理选择下垫面材料以及合理布置水体。
[Abstract]:As the main material carrier of residents' activities and communication, the open space of residential area is the most vivid and active part of the open space of residential area, which shoulders the important mission of enriching urban life, improving the quality of life and happiness index of residents. Compared with the temperate and tropical regions of China, the cold regions are in bad climate conditions, the public life of the residents in cold regions is scarce, the open space in cold settlements is used for a short time and the utilization rate is low. Therefore, the comfortable level of open space in cold settlements affects the quantity and frequency of public activities, so it is an urgent task to create a good open space and thermal environment. On the basis of studying the general situation of open space in cold settlements, this paper classifies the open space of cold settlements according to the different patterns of open space layout, and selects the open space of enclosed residential area with peripheral layout as the research object. This kind of open space has good climate adaptability, large quantity and wide distribution in cold regions. The purpose of this study is to improve the thermal comfort and utilization rate of open space in cold settlements during the alternate cold and hot seasons. In this paper, the concept of thermal comfort is introduced by the methods of field test and software simulation, and it is used as the evaluation index of open space. In the field test, by measuring the microclimatic factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and so on, to explore the design elements that affect the thermal comfort of open space, to obtain the open space D / H, east-west residential length, opening position, etc. The relationship between the material of underlying surface and the thermal comfort of open space. At the same time, this paper also makes a detailed study on the use of the existing open space, and summarizes the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the use of open space in cold settlements. In this study, the quantitative relationship between design elements and thermal comfort level was established by software simulation. After a lot of time-by-time simulation and verification, the spatial and numerical distribution of thermal comfort were combined. The relationship between the design elements and the thermal comfort of open space is established. On the basis of this, the optimization strategy of open space in cold settlements is put forward, including reasonable layout of active area, careful selection of opening position, and attention to the proportion of open space. Attention is paid to the plane enclosure and corner unit, the secondary limitation of the active space is encouraged, the material of the underlying surface and the reasonable arrangement of the water body are reasonably selected.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.12

【参考文献】