哈尔滨市城区绿地系统格局动态研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 10:40

本文选题：哈尔滨市 + 城市绿地　；参考：《东北林业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放后我国经济得到了快速的发展,尤其伴随着城市化进程的不断加快,城市绿地在城市环境改善和人们生产生活中发挥的作用越来越受到重视。城市绿地系统是城市生态系统的重要组成部分,它是城市生态系统中唯一执行“纳污吐新”的负反馈子系统,是完善城市生态和维持自然生态平衡的关要素,是城市居民生活质量的重要标志。因此科学合理的城市绿地系统布局对城市生态系统的建设和功能的提升具有重要的意义,为城市可持续发展策略的实施提供有利的保障。本文通过查阅大量的文献资料,对景观生态学和城市绿地系统理论研究进行整理和总结,运用2005年和2011年两期QuickBird影像为主要数据源,在RS和GIS技术支持下提取绿地信息,应用景观生态学的原理和方法对城市绿地系统分布格局和景观格局动态变化进行评价分析。以哈尔滨城市绿地系统为例,结合哈尔滨市城市绿地系统相关研究数据和景观格局指数,通过现场勘察和专题图制作的方式,对城市绿地系统和公园绿地布局做了系统的定性分析,最后针对哈尔滨城市绿地系统优化策略提出建议。希望能为哈尔滨市城市绿地系统的结构与格局的完善提供参考。研究根据《城市绿地分类标准》,将哈尔滨研究区绿地范围限定为：公园绿地、附属绿地、防护绿地、生产绿地等四类。研究结果显示：四类绿地面积差异大,以附属绿地面积最大,占城区绿地总面积的56.15%,公园绿地次之,生产绿地最小。各行政区绿地覆盖率以香坊区最高、其次是道里区、道外区和南岗区。2005-2011年哈尔滨研究区绿地面积从3336.59ha增加至4186.49ha,绿地覆盖率从20%提高到26%。从景观指数动态变化数据可以发现,研究区内景观多样性指数、均匀度在下降,优势度、蔓延度则在提高,而绿地景观破碎化程度有减小的趋势,绿地景观连接度增加,说明绿地空间分布不均匀日益凸显,各区不同类型绿地斑块发展不均衡,但由于近几年哈尔滨生态城市建设措施不断实施和对现有绿地保护力度的不断加大,使城市绿地斑块破碎化程度有所降低,城市绿地之间的连通性多有增加。在数据分析的基础上从生态效益和景观可达性角度分别对城市绿地系统和公园绿地布局提出了优化对策和发展建议,以改善城市环境质量,建设适宜人居的城市绿地系统。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, the economy of our country has been developed rapidly, especially with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the role of urban green space in the improvement of urban environment and people's production and life has been paid more and more attention. Urban green space system is an important part of urban ecosystem. It is the only negative feedback subsystem in urban ecosystem, which is the key factor to perfect urban ecology and maintain natural ecological balance. Is an important symbol of the quality of life of urban residents. Therefore, the scientific and reasonable layout of urban green space system is of great significance to the construction and function of urban ecosystem, and provides a favorable guarantee for the implementation of urban sustainable development strategy. In this paper, the landscape ecology and urban green space system theory are summarized by consulting a large amount of literature. The QuickBird images in 2005 and 2011 are used as the main data sources, and the green space information is extracted with the support of RS and GIS technology. The principles and methods of landscape ecology were applied to evaluate and analyze the distribution pattern and landscape pattern of urban green space system. Taking Harbin urban green space system as an example, combining the relevant research data and landscape pattern index of Harbin urban green space system, through the way of field survey and thematic map making, This paper makes a systematic qualitative analysis on the urban green space system and park green space layout, and finally puts forward some suggestions for the optimization strategy of Harbin urban green space system. Hope to provide reference for the structure and pattern of urban green space system in Harbin. According to the Classification Standard of Urban Green Space, the study limited the green space scope of Harbin Research area to four categories: park greenbelt, subsidiary green space, protected green space and production green space. The results show that there is a great difference in the area of the four types of green space, with the attached green space being the largest, accounting for 56.15% of the total area of urban green space, the park greenbelt being the second, and the production greenbelt being the smallest. From 2005 to 2011, the green space area of Harbin Research area increased from 3336.59ha to 4186.49ha. the green space coverage rate increased from 20% to 26%. From the dynamic change data of landscape index, it can be found that the evenness of landscape diversity index in the study area is decreasing, the dominance and spreading degree are increasing, while the degree of landscape fragmentation is decreasing, and the connectivity of green landscape is increasing. It shows that the spatial distribution of green space is becoming increasingly uneven, and the development of different types of green patches is not balanced. However, due to the continuous implementation of ecological city construction measures in Harbin in recent years and the increasing efforts to protect the existing green space, The fragmentation degree of urban green patch is reduced, and the connectivity between urban green space is increased. On the basis of data analysis, this paper puts forward the optimization countermeasures and development suggestions for urban green space system and park green space layout from the angle of ecological benefit and landscape accessibility, respectively, in order to improve the quality of urban environment and build urban green space system suitable for human settlement.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU985.2

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