吊车荷载作用下仓储上盖物业振动舒适度及结构噪声研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 09:17

本文选题：仓储上盖物业 + 吊车荷载　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：上盖物业因能有效地提高城市土地利用率,并能带来广阔的社会、经济效益,近年来得到了快速的发展。然而,列车及吊车运行引起上盖物业结构的振动舒适度和噪声问题已成为制约其发展的主要瓶颈之一。国内外学者在列车引起环境振动的分析模型、传播规律以及对建筑物的影响方面作了大量的研究与实测工作,并已取得了丰硕的研究成果。而吊车这种大型设备运行引起建筑物的振动及噪声问题鲜有研究。研究发现,吊车运行引起的振动及噪声虽然不会产生结构安全问题,但会影响建筑物内用户的工作效率和生活质量,从而降低结构的适用性能。因此,能否有效地控制因吊车运行引起的上盖物业的振动和结构噪声问题,实质上关系到这一特殊建设项目在城市建设中的发展和推广。本文以某仓储上盖物业为研究对象,通过现场实测与数值分析,对吊车荷载进行了系统研究并建立了基于舒适度评价的精细化有限元分析模型,并针对该仓储上盖物业结构特点,对吊车运行引起的振动响应及结构噪声进行了系统研究。论文主要工作如下： 1、综合国内外的文献资料,对各国振动舒适度和结构噪声规范进行了归纳和总结,确定了适用于上盖物业吊车运行引起的振动舒适度和结构噪声评价的标准,并对吊车荷载引起该上盖物业的振动舒适度及结构噪声进行了评价； 2、对基于舒适度的结构计算模型进行了研究,提出了强振与弱振在模型简化方法上的差异。考虑非结构构件(包括填充墙、装饰面层等)对结构的刚度和阻尼的影响,根据工程实际情况建立了精细化有限元计算模型； 3、建立吊车—轨道梁的计算模型,提取吊车荷载作用下轨道梁支座处的支座反力计算结果,以此结果作为外荷载输入到精细化有限元模型中,计算上部结构房间内的振动响应,并与实测数据对比分析,验证精细化有限元模型的有效性； 4、采用经验公式对该结构噪声进行了预测并与实测结果进行对比,考察经验公式的适用性,在此基础上,根据工程实际情况建立了声学有限元模型,采用Virtual.Lab Acoustics声学软件计算得到结构振动和声学特征,从而为同类结构的设计提出建议及改进方案； 5、在精细化有限元模型建立中将结构底层立柱由钢柱换为钢筋混凝土柱,并研究了两种不同材料的立柱对该仓储上盖物业振动响应及噪声问题的影响,研究了此类结构的减振降噪措施。最后,在总结全文工作的基础上,对下一步的研究提出了建议和展望。本文主要创新点如下： 1、本文首次对仓储上盖物业的振动舒适度及结构二次噪声问题进行了初步的研究,以国内第一个仓储上盖物业为研究对象进行了现场实测及理论分析； 2、提出了基于振动舒适度的结构精细化模型的概念,采用有限元法实现了结构振动舒适度及结构二次噪声的模拟与分析； 3、根据理论分析及现场实测,得出了对此类上盖物业钢筋混凝土结构是结构选型时的首选,如采用钢结构则需加强结构的减、隔振设计,而在目前的条件下采用混凝土结构(至少底层采用钢筋混凝土结构)是一种有效的方法,从而为此类结构的设计提出了有效地建议。
[Abstract]:The upper cover property has been developed rapidly in recent years because it can effectively improve the urban land use rate and bring great social and economic benefits in recent years. However, the vibration comfort and noise of the upper cover property structure caused by the train and the crane have become one of the main bottlenecks that restrict its development. The domestic and foreign scholars have caused the environment in the train. The analysis model of vibration, the law of propagation and the effect on the building have been studied and measured, and a lot of research results have been obtained. But the problem of vibration and noise caused by the crane is rarely studied. It is found that the vibration and noise caused by the crane transportation will not produce the structure. The safety problem will affect the working efficiency and the quality of life of the users in the building, thus reducing the application performance of the structure. Therefore, it is essential to effectively control the vibration and structural noise of the upper cover property caused by the operation of the crane, which is essentially related to the development and promotion of this special construction project in the city construction. The storage cover property is the research object. Through the field measurement and numerical analysis, the crane load is systematically studied and the finite-element analysis model based on the comfort evaluation is established, and the vibration response and structural noise caused by the crane running are systematically studied in view of the property structure characteristics of the upper cover.
The main work of this paper is as follows:
1, based on the literature and data at home and abroad, the vibration comfort and structural noise standards of various countries are summarized and summarized. The standard of vibration comfort and structural noise evaluation for the upper cover property crane operation is determined, and the vibration comfort and structural noise of the upper cover property are evaluated by the crane load.
2, the structural calculation model based on comfort is studied, and the difference between strong vibration and weak vibration is proposed. The influence of unstructured components (including filling wall, decorative surface layer and so on) on the stiffness and damping of the structure is considered, and a finite-element calculation model is set up according to the actual situation of the engineering.
3, the calculation model of the crane rail beam is established, and the calculation results of the support counterforce at the bearing of the rail beam under the load of the crane are extracted. As the result, the vibration response of the superstructure room is calculated as the external load into the finite-element model, and the effectiveness of the finite-element model is verified by the comparison with the measured data.
4, an empirical formula is used to predict the noise of the structure and compare with the measured results. The applicability of the empirical formula is investigated. On this basis, the acoustic finite element model is set up according to the actual situation of the engineering. The structural vibration and acoustic characteristics are calculated by Virtual.Lab Acoustics acoustic software, thus the design of the same kind of structure is proposed. Suggestions and improvements;
5, in the finite-element model, the bottom column of the structure is changed from steel column to reinforced concrete column, and the influence of two different materials on the vibration response and noise problem of the property is studied, and the measures of vibration and noise reduction of this kind of structure are studied.
Finally, on the basis of summarizing the whole work, suggestions and prospects for further research are put forward.
The main innovations in this paper are as follows:
1, this paper first studies the vibration comfort of the storage upper cover and the two noise of the structure, and takes the first warehouse cover property as the research object in the field and carries out the field measurement and theoretical analysis.
2, the concept of structural refinement model based on vibration comfort is proposed. The finite element method is used to simulate and analyze the vibration comfort of the structure and the two noise of the structure.
3, according to the theoretical analysis and field measurement, it is concluded that the reinforced concrete structure of this kind of upper cover is the first choice for the structure selection. For example, the use of steel structure should strengthen the structure reduction and vibration isolation design, and it is an effective method to adopt the concrete structure at the present condition (at least the bottom of the reinforced concrete structure) under the present conditions. An effective proposal for the design of the structure is put forward.

【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU311.3;U211.3

【参考文献】