液压挖掘机驾驶室噪声控制研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 05:24

本文选题：液压挖掘机 + 驾驶室噪声　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工程机械行业的迅速发展及人们环保意识的增强,对工程机械的振动噪声控制的要求越来越严格。工程机械驾驶室噪声对驾驶室员的身心健康及工作效率有很大影响,驾驶室噪声控制成为工程机械噪声控制领域的一个重要方面。为了有效地指导噪声控制,提升产品的整体水平,增强我国的工程机械产品国际竞争力,对驾驶室噪声控制进行研究具有重大的现实意义。本文结合液压挖掘机驾驶室减振降噪这一实际工程应用的研究背景,开展了对驾驶室噪声控制的课题研究。主要从驾驶室内耳旁噪声特性分析、驾驶室本体结构隔声特性、隔声措施在控制噪声中的作用、发动机隔振以及结构振动特性优化方面对挖掘机驾驶室内噪声控制进行了研究。研究中,主要以结构声和空气声控制为主对驾驶室内噪声进行控制。采用频谱分析、三分之一倍频等方法分析驾驶室耳旁噪声特性及各个倍频程内噪声对总声压级的贡献度大小,确定了主要的控制频率范围。研究中还分析了驾驶室结构隔声特性及声学包装措施对驾驶室内噪声的影响。以时频域内的振动传递率为评价指标对发动机减振器的减振特性进行分析,并提出整改方案,通过降低振动传递的方法减少了驾驶室噪声中的结构声成份。在固体声传播控制方面,结构件的振动特性有着重要的作用。本文从结构件振动特性分析角度入手,采用模态分析方法对主要结构件振动特性进行分析,得到结构件的薄弱环节并提出整改方案。通过改善整机的振动情况来优化驾驶室本体结构的振动噪声特性,达到降低驾驶室噪声值之目的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of construction machinery industry and the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection, the requirements of vibration and noise control of construction machinery are becoming more and more strict. Cab noise of construction machinery has great influence on the health and working efficiency of cab staff. Cab noise control has become an important aspect in the field of construction machinery noise control. In order to effectively guide noise control, improve the overall level of products and enhance the international competitiveness of construction machinery products in China, it is of great practical significance to study the cab noise control. Based on the research background of the practical engineering application of vibration and noise reduction in the cab of hydraulic excavator, the subject of noise control in the cab is studied in this paper. The noise control of the excavator cab is studied from the following aspects: the analysis of the noise characteristics beside the inner ear of the cab, the sound insulation characteristics of the cab body structure, the role of the noise insulation measures in the noise control, the engine vibration isolation and the optimization of the structural vibration characteristics. In the research, the noise in the cab is controlled mainly by structural sound and air sound. By means of frequency spectrum analysis and 1/3 frequency doubling method, the noise characteristics of the cab ear and the contribution of noise in each octave to the total sound pressure level are analyzed, and the main control frequency range is determined. The noise insulation characteristics of cab structure and the influence of acoustic packaging measures on cab noise are also analyzed. Taking the vibration transfer rate in time-frequency domain as the evaluation index, the vibration absorption characteristics of the engine damper are analyzed, and the rectification scheme is put forward. By reducing the vibration transfer, the structural sound components in the cab noise are reduced. The vibration characteristics of structure play an important role in the control of solid sound propagation. In this paper, from the point of view of vibration characteristic analysis of structural parts, the vibration characteristics of main structural parts are analyzed by modal analysis method, and the weak links of structural parts are obtained and the rectification scheme is put forward. The vibration and noise characteristics of the cab body structure are optimized by improving the vibration condition of the whole machine, and the noise value of the cab is reduced.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU621

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