欧佩克石油政策的演变及其对国际油价的影响

  本文关键词：欧佩克石油政策的演变及其对国际油价的影响，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

欧佩克石油政策的演变及其对国际油价的影响

The Evolution of OPEC＇ s Oil Policy and Its Influence on the Oil Prices

[1]

Liu Dong

中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所,北京100007

文章摘要：1973年“石油危机”爆发后，欧佩克产油国获得了本国石油资源主权，该组织也开始执行独立的石油政策。维护产油国利益，确保产油国获得稳定的石油收入是欧佩克的根本目标。因此，欧佩克在制定石油政策时，一方面要避免过低的油价损害产油国的利益，另一方面又要避免油价过高刺激替代能源的发展，影响石油的长期需求。1973年至今，欧佩克政策经历了4个发展阶段。但从欧佩克政策的实践来看，欧佩克产量调整虽然能对国际油价波动产生一定影响，但对国际油价的走势却是无能为力。欧佩克的油价政策也经历了一个不断弱化的过程。但是，据此得出欧佩克不具备垄断势力的结论仍过于武断。“卡特尔”建立的初衷并非是左右价格走势，而是要获得垄断利润。因此，与关注油价波动和走势相比，关注欧佩克维持高油价均衡的能力对于判断欧佩克的市场属性更为重要。

Abstr：After the 1973 oil crisis, Oil producing countries of OPEC claimed the sovereignty of its own oil resources and OPEC started to implement its independ- ent oil policy. As a tool for protecting the interests of oil producing countries and making sure oil producing countries stable oil export revenues. OPEC＇ s oil poll- cy takes two factors into consideration： firstly, preventing the very low oil prices which can detriment the interests of oil producing countries; secondly, preventing the very high oil prices which will stimulate the development of other energies and harm the long - term demand of oil. Since 1973, OPEC＇ s policy has gone through four stages. Based on the implementation of OPEC＇ s policy, although OPEC＇ s oil production adjustment can deliver certain influences on the fluctuations of oil prices, OPEC has limited control to the long - term trend of oil price development. However, it doesn＇ t mean OPEC has no monopoly powers. The truth is Cartels were grouped for acquiring monopoly prices, not for controlling the development. Thus, in order to recognize the role of OPEC in the more attention should be paid to OPEC＇ s abilities in maintaining trend of world oil the high prices market, prices.

文章关键词：

Keyword：:OPEC Oil Policy Oil Prices

课题项目：本文为中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所重点课题“欧佩克石油政策及其对国际油价的影响”阶段性研究成果.

作者信息：会员可见

  本文关键词：欧佩克石油政策的演变及其对国际油价的影响，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。