油水乳液体系中甲烷水合物生成研究进展

发布时间：2018-01-06 17:03

本文关键词：油水乳液体系中甲烷水合物生成研究进展　出处：《化工进展》2017年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在石油工业领域,油气开采与输送过程中,高压低温条件极易形成水合物阻塞管路,影响了管路正常运行,甚至会造成安全事故。随着水合物抑制与防堵技术的研究日益进展,甲烷水合物在乳液体系中的生成情况成为关注的重点。为掌握甲烷水合物在油水乳液体系中的生成规律,了解影响其生成情况的因素,对抑制高压输油与海底混输管道的水合物生成提供思路,本文针对前人的实验研究成果作了归纳,总结了乳液体系中甲烷水合物的生成机理及水合物生长壳模型,并对水的"记忆效应"加以介绍,又重点将乳液含水率、粒径大小、搅拌速率、温压条件、油相及添加剂等诸多因素展开分析。最后指出,水合物的生成由各种因素协同作用影响,不可孤立分析,而油水乳液的多相流动也使问题更加复杂。目前对于乳液体系中甲烷水合物的影响因素及原理认识尚未成熟,需要进一步的研究与讨论。
[Abstract]:In the field of petroleum industry, in the process of oil and gas extraction and transportation, hydrate blocking is easy to be formed at high pressure and low temperature, which affects the normal operation of the pipeline. It may even cause safety accidents. With the development of hydrate suppression and anti-blocking technology. The formation of methane hydrate in emulsion system has become the focus of attention. In order to understand the formation law of methane hydrate in oil-water emulsion system and to understand the factors affecting the formation of methane hydrate in oil-water emulsion system. In order to prevent hydrate formation of high pressure oil transportation and submarine mixed pipeline, this paper summarized the previous experimental research results. The formation mechanism of methane hydrate in emulsion system and the model of hydrate growth shell are summarized, and the "memory effect" of water is introduced. The water content, particle size, stirring rate and temperature and pressure conditions of emulsion are emphasized. Finally, it is pointed out that the formation of hydrate is influenced by various factors and can not be analyzed in isolation. The multiphase flow of oil-water emulsion also makes the problem more complicated. At present, the influence factors and principle of methane hydrate in emulsion system are not mature, and need further study and discussion.
【作者单位】：辽宁石油化工大学石油天然气工程学院;辽宁石油化工大学化学化工与环境学部;
【基金】：辽宁省自然科学基金(201602470) 辽宁省高等学校优秀人才支持计划(LJQ2014038)项目
【分类号】：TE31
【正文快照】： 气体水合物是水与甲烷、乙烷、二氧化碳及硫化氢等小分子气体形成的非化学计量性笼状晶体物质,又称为笼型水合物(clathrate hydrate)[1-2]。油气开采和输送过程处于高压和低温环境,极易形成气体水合物堵塞管道,一旦发生水合物积聚和团聚以致最终形成塞子,就会阻断通过管道的流

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