非水相溶剂起泡性能及稳定机理研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 15:02

本文关键词：非水相溶剂起泡性能及稳定机理研究　出处：《西安石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：非水相泡沫在石油化工等领域有着非常重要的应用,但对其发泡原因,界面结构及稳定性的基础理论尚未所知,该体系在油田中的应用受到严重影响。本文以探索非水相泡沫的形成及稳定机理为目标,在烷烃、芳烃及油脂中筛选出能够使其起泡的表面活性剂,利用表面张力,液相粘度以及溶剂极性大小揭示对其发泡行为的影响,并采用光学显微镜分析表面活性剂在油-气界面的吸附行为。经分析得出如下结论:(1)不论什么发泡剂在非水相溶剂中,发泡体积一般都是随着浓度增大到一定程度后,呈现下降趋势,或者增加幅度减小,而不会一直增加下去。总体来看在同一浓度的表面活性剂下,芳烃发泡量大于烷烃,甘油发泡量大于石蜡;在同一溶剂中,氟碳表面活性剂活性强于普通表面活性剂。(2)芳烃溶剂中,基团越少,随氟碳表面活性剂FC-03和TF3721浓度的增大,降低表面张力及提高液相粘度的可能性越大,发泡性和泡沫稳定性越好。在同一氟碳表面活性剂FC-118下,甘油比石蜡表面张力降低值大的多,比石蜡发泡量及泡沫稳定性好。甘油为极性溶剂,其余均为非极性溶剂。溶剂极性越大,泡沫稳定性越好。(3)利用显微镜观察发现在甲苯中FC-03表面活性剂吸附在液膜表面不能形成稳定的气泡。而TF3721在甲苯中所形成的气泡能够紧密的排列在一起,呈现层状结构,由于液膜较厚,弹性和斥力较大,能够形成稳定的泡沫。(4)在芳烃中表面活性剂FC-03和TF3721分别与油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯以1:4比例复配后,能够更大程度增强非水相溶剂的起泡力和泡沫稳定性,比单一表面活性剂具有更好的使用效果。利用光学显微镜可以观察到气泡周围黑色圈为发泡剂FC-03或TF3721在气泡表面紧密定向排列的表面膜,最外层为稳泡剂的亲油基吸附非水相分子所形成的溶剂化油膜,有助于泡沫的稳定。(5)癸烷和十二烷分别与二甲苯以1:5比例混合,加入氟碳表面活性剂FC-03或TF3721能够使混合溶剂发泡体积高于单一溶剂。而加入硅油,不能使混合溶剂发泡量强于单一溶剂。
[Abstract]:Non aqueous foam has an important application in the field of petroleum, but the foaming reason, the basic theory of interface structure and stability is not known, application of this system in oil field has been seriously affected. This paper is to explore the mechanisms of the formation and stability of non aqueous foam as the goal, in alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and oils the screening surface activity can make the foaming agent, using surface tension, liquid viscosity and solvent polarity effect on the foaming behavior reveal, adsorption and analysis of agent in the gas oil interface surface activity by optical microscope. The conclusions are as follows: (1) no matter what the non foaming agent aqueous solvent, foaming volume is generally as the concentration increases to a certain extent, decreased, or increased, and would not have been on the increase. The overall surface activity at the same concentration of surfactant The foaming amount is greater than the aromatic, alkane, glycerin foaming quantity greater than paraffin; in the same solvent, fluorocarbon surfactant activity is better than conventional surfactants. (2) in the group of aromatic solvent, less with the increase of fluorocarbon surfactant FC-03 and TF3721 concentration, reduce the surface tension and increase the likelihood of liquid viscosity the greater the foamability and foam stability better. In the same fluorocarbon surfactant FC-118, glycerol reduced value greater than the wax surface tension, foaming capacity and foam stability than paraffin. Glycerol as polar solvent, the rest are non polar solvent. The solvent polarity is larger, the better the foam stability.. (3) observed by microscopy found in FC-03 in toluene adsorption of surfactant to form stable bubbles in the liquid surface. And the TF3721 not in the formation of toluene bubble can be arranged closely together, layered structure, because the film is thick, elastic And repulsion larger, can form a stable foam. (4) in aromatic surfactants FC-03 and TF3721 respectively with oleic acid two ethanol amide borate with a ratio of 1:4, respectively, to a greater degree to enhance the foaming ability and foam stability of non-aqueous solvent, which is better than the single surfactant can use effect. The black ring is observed around the bubble film blowing agent FC-03 or TF3721 on the bubble surface closely aligned with optical microscope, the outermost layer is the solvent oil lipophilic non aqueous molecular adsorption film formed stable agent, contribute to foam stability. (5) decane and twelve alkyl respectively with xylene in the 1:5 mixing ratio, adding fluorocarbon surfactant FC-03 or TF3721 can make the mixed solvent foaming volume is higher than single solvent. While adding silicone oil, mixed solvent can make foam volume stronger than single solvent.

【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE39

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