交联黄原胶的制备及其溶液流变性

发布时间：2018-01-09 19:42

  本文关键词：交联黄原胶的制备及其溶液流变性　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 黄原胶 交联 流变性 抗温性 部分水解聚丙烯酰胺 强化驱油

【摘要】：我国陆上油田都处于注水开发中后期,均采用强化采油技术提高原油采收率,其中聚合物(溶液)驱是广泛应用的强化采油技术之一。部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, HPAM)是目前广泛采用的驱油剂,其溶液粘度高,具有良好的驱油效果,但其抗盐和抗剪切性差,不适用于高温高盐油藏。因此,开发耐盐耐温聚合物驱油体系,以解决高温高盐油藏聚合物驱难题,成为油田化学领域的研究重点之一。黄原胶(xanthan gum, XG)分子因具有双螺旋及支化结构而具有一定刚性,呈现出良好的抗盐、抗剪切性能,但耐温性差限制了其在强化采油领域中的应用。本文探索研究了XG的交联改性,以期提高其抗温性,为其在高温高盐油藏强化驱油中的应用提供依据。本文主要研究内容及结论如下：(1)选取无机交联剂三偏磷酸钠(sodium trimetaphosphate, STMP)对XG进行交联改性,合成了水溶性低度交联XG (SP-c-XG),依据其溶液粘度优化出了最佳合成条件；考察了电解质浓度、pH及温度等对SP-c-XG溶液流变性的影响,并与XG溶液进行了对比。结果表明,在所研究的电解质(NaCl和CaCl2)浓度(0～5wt%)、pH (2-11)和温度(20-70℃)范围内,SP-c-XG和XG溶液的流变曲线均为假塑型,符合Herschel-Bulkley模型；其屈服值、表观粘度和动力学模量随电解质浓度增大均先下降后上升,而随pH值的升高先升高后降低,随温度升高而降低。SP-c-XG和XG溶液具有相似的流变性,但与XG溶液相比,SP-c-XG溶液具有更高的屈服值和表观粘度,特别是具有更强的弹性和耐温性,在油田强化采油领域具有重要应用前景。(2)采用有机交联剂戊二醛(glutaraldehyde, GA)、酚醛树脂(phenol-formaldehyde resin,PR)和HX,对黄原胶(xG)和纯化黄原胶(XGm)进行交联改性,合成了水溶性低度交联XG和XGm,记为(A-c-XG (XGm)、 PR-c-XG (XGm)和HX-c-XG (XGm),发现可明显增强其溶液的耐温能力；特别是HX交联XGm(HX-c-XGm),在90℃热贮140天,溶液的粘度不降低,表现出很强的抗温能力。室内模拟驱油实验结果表明,在高矿化度(100000 ppm)条件下,HX-c-XGm溶液的驱油效果明显高于现用HPAM溶液体系,在高矿化度油藏强化采油领域有良好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:All onshore oil fields in China are in the middle and late stage of waterflooding development, so enhanced oil recovery technology is adopted to improve oil recovery. Polymer (solution) flooding is one of the widely used enhanced oil recovery technologies. Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. HPAM is a widely used oil displacement agent, its solution viscosity is high, it has good oil displacement effect, but its salt resistance and shear resistance is poor, so it is not suitable for high temperature and high salt reservoirs. In order to solve the problem of polymer flooding in high temperature and high salt reservoirs, the development of salt and temperature tolerant polymer flooding system has become one of the key research points in the field of oilfield chemistry. Xanthan gum. XG) molecules are rigid due to their double helix and branched structure, showing good salt resistance and shear resistance. However, the poor temperature tolerance limits its application in the field of enhanced oil recovery. In this paper, the cross-linking modification of XG is studied in order to improve its temperature resistance. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) selecting inorganic crosslinking agent sodium trimetaphosphate (. Sodium trimetaphosphate. XG was crosslinked and modified by STMP.The water soluble low crosslinking XG SP-c-XGG was synthesized and the optimum conditions were optimized according to its solution viscosity. The effects of electrolyte concentration, pH and temperature on the rheological properties of SP-c-XG solution were investigated and compared with that of XG solution. The concentrations of NaCl and CaCl2) were measured in the range of pH 2-11 and temperature 20-70 鈩，

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