聚丙烯酰胺溶液非常温光谱特性及其含量光学表征研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 06:16

  本文关键词：聚丙烯酰胺溶液非常温光谱特性及其含量光学表征研究　出处：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 含聚污水 光谱特性 浓度检测 温度 pH值

【摘要】：随着石油工业产业的飞速发展,我国大部分油田基本进入三次采油阶段,其中大庆油田的三次采油技术已基本成熟。聚丙烯酰胺是三次采油中的主要原料之一,其在聚驱采油技术应用规模不断扩大,导致含聚丙烯酰胺(文中简称含聚)污水量不断增加。含聚污水中聚丙烯酰胺水解可生成具有毒性的丙烯酰胺,给人类和环境带来了严峻的挑战。同时,水解聚丙烯酰胺使采油污水黏度增大、乳化程度增高,增大了污水检测和处理的难度。含聚污水中聚丙烯酰胺浓度是检测和处理含聚污水工艺的重要指标数据之一。检测聚丙烯酰胺浓度的方法中,光学法由于测量速度快、非接触等特点备受关注。然而,油田含聚污水的光谱特性,特别是非常温光谱特性的缺失,造成该方法应用的短板。因此,开展含聚污水光谱特征及其浓度光学测量研究,实现快速检测聚丙烯酰胺浓度,对控制油田采出水处理以及污水排放等都具有重要的应用价值。以油田含聚污水为处理对象,综合分析现有液体光学常数及其浓度光学测量方法研究现状,建立了含聚污水光学常数反演模型,研究了含聚污水透射特性与其浓度之间的关系,实验分析了温度和pH值对含聚污水光谱特性的影响。本文的主要研究内容如下:1.基于透射法结合Kramers-Kronig关系式(简称KK关系式)建立了光学窗口和液体的光学常数反演模型,实验获得了ZnSe材料和蒸馏水的光学常数,利用现有文献公开的数据对该模型进行了验证。2.实验测量了不同浓度含聚污水的光谱透射特性,分析了温度和pH值对含聚污水透射光谱的影响。通过透射法结合KK关系式反演模型获得了含聚污水在2400-2800cm-1的光学常数。搭建了含聚污水光谱透射特性测量恒温实验台,实验获得了浓度500mg/L含聚污水在20℃-70℃温度范围内的透射光谱,求解了含聚污水的光学常数(吸收指数k和折射率n),其中k的范围是1.56×10-3-5.83×10-3,n的范围是1.32-1.38。3.实验分析了400-4000cm-1和190-900nm范围内含聚污水的光谱透射特性,在红外波段和紫外可见波段选取特征波长,通过Matlab软件对含聚污水浓度与其透射特性进行最小二乘法拟合。在400-4000cm-1和190-900nm范围内分析了含聚污水浓度与含光学腔透射特性、纯液体透射特性和光学常数反演其透射特性之间的光学关联关系,获得了2627cm-1、220nm和526nm含聚污水透射特性与其浓度的光学关联关系式,并分析了其适用范围。通过以上研究,得到了含聚污水的光学特性,构建了含聚污水光学常数反演模型,完善了基于光学方法测量含聚污水浓度技术,研究了温度和pH值对含聚污水光谱特性的影响规律。本文研究方法和成果可为发展光学在线检测聚丙烯酰胺浓度提供一定的参考依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of petroleum industry, most oil fields in China have basically entered the stage of tertiary oil recovery, in which the technology of tertiary oil recovery in Daqing Oilfield has basically matured. Polyacrylamide is one of the main raw materials in tertiary oil recovery. The application scale of polyacrylamide in polymer flooding and oil recovery technology is expanding, which leads to the increase of water quantity of polyacrylamide, which can be hydrolyzed into acrylamide with toxicity. At the same time, the hydrolysis of polyacrylamide increased the viscosity and emulsification degree of oil recovery wastewater. The concentration of polyacrylamide in polymerized sewage is one of the important index data in the process of detecting and treating polymerized sewage, and the method to detect the concentration of polyacrylamide. The optical method has attracted much attention due to its high measurement speed and non-contact characteristics. However, the lack of spectral characteristics, especially at very high temperature, results in the short plate of the method. The optical measurement of the spectral characteristics and concentration of polymerized sewage was carried out to detect the concentration of polyacrylamide quickly. It has important application value for controlling oil field produced water treatment and sewage discharge. Taking the oilfield polymerized sewage as the treatment object, the present research status of the existing liquid optical constant and its concentration optical measurement method is analyzed synthetically. The optical constant inversion model of polymerized sewage was established, and the relationship between the transmission characteristics of polymerized sewage and its concentration was studied. The effects of temperature and pH value on the spectral characteristics of polymerized sewage were analyzed experimentally. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on the transmission method and Kramers-Kronig relation (. The optical constant inversion model of optical window and liquid is established. The optical constants of ZnSe materials and distilled water were obtained. The model was verified by the published data. 2. The spectral transmission characteristics of polymerized sewage with different concentrations were measured experimentally. The effects of temperature and pH value on transmission spectrum of polymerized sewage were analyzed. The optical constants of polymerized sewage at 2400-2800 cm-1 were obtained by means of transmission method combined with KK relation inversion model. A constant temperature test rig for measuring the spectral transmission characteristics of sewage. The transmission spectra of the polymerized sewage with 500 mg / L concentration in the temperature range of 20 鈩，

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