水平井冲砂技术的研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 11:51

本文关键词：水平井冲砂技术的研究　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 水平井 连续冲砂 暂堵剂 冲砂液

【摘要】：随着油田开采时间的推移、开采技术的进步,水平井技术被越来越多的地方利用起来,给原油的开采打下了坚实的基础。水平井开采技术可大幅提高单井产量和原油采收率,近年来应用规模迅速扩大。然而由于水平井井身结构的特殊性,随着开采的进行,地层砂更易进入井筒,在井筒底部形成砂床甚至可能堵塞井眼,导致设备磨损及产量下降。因此,水平井冲砂洗井效果直接影响其产能和开采成本,水平井的修井作业施工难度大,突出反映在冲砂工序上。这是由于水平井井身结构存在着特殊性,即造斜井段及水平段较长、井筒轴线变化不规则,地层砂随原油运动到井筒内易重新沉降形成新的沉砂床,同时在压差的作用下,沉砂床发生固化,对下入防砂管的井,进入井筒的固相颗粒很细,因此沉积物很顽固。水平井出砂具有以下特点:水平段存在较长的砂屑入流界面;流体流动方向与砂粒沉降速度方向垂直;水平井筒井眼轨迹轻微的起伏会导致沉积砂屑波浪状分布。沉积砂床不仅成为井底流体流动阻力,还会对采油设备造成磨损,严重时将影响油井的正常生产,因此常采用水力冲砂洗井方法清除井内沉积岩屑。本文分析和研究了水平井冲砂技术的一些重点工艺,并从中选择了使用效果较为突出的,实用效果更佳的一些工艺进行说明分析。
[Abstract]:With the development of oilfield production time and the development of production technology, horizontal well technology has been used in more and more places. Horizontal well production technology can greatly improve the single well production and oil recovery. In recent years, the application scale is expanding rapidly. However, due to the particularity of horizontal well structure. With the development of production, the formation sand is easier to enter the wellbore, forming sand bed at the bottom of the wellbore may even block the hole, resulting in equipment wear and production decline. The effect of sand washing in horizontal wells directly affects its productivity and production cost. The workover operation of horizontal wells is difficult, which is reflected in the sand washing process. This is due to the particularity of the shaft structure in horizontal wells. That is to say, the inclined well section and horizontal section are longer, the shaft axis changes irregularly, and the formation sand can easily re-settle into the wellbore with the crude oil moving into the wellbore to form a new sand settling bed. At the same time, under the action of pressure difference, the sand sinking bed solidifies. The solid particles entering the wellbore are very fine, so the sediment is very stubborn. The sand production of horizontal well has the following characteristics: there is a long sand debris inflow interface in the horizontal section; The direction of fluid flow is perpendicular to the direction of sand settling velocity. The slight fluctuation of the wellbore trajectory in horizontal wells will lead to the wavy distribution of sedimentary sand debris. The sedimentary sand bed not only becomes the flow resistance of the bottom hole, but also causes wear and tear to the oil recovery equipment, which will affect the normal production of the oil well seriously. Therefore, hydraulic sand washing method is often used to clear depositional cuttings in wells. This paper analyzes and studies some key techniques of horizontal well sand washing technology, and selects the most effective one. Some of the better practical effects of the process are described and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE358.1

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