红河油田长水平段水平井钻井工艺研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 01:25

本文关键词：红河油田长水平段水平井钻井工艺研究　出处：《长江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：红河油田是我国在鄂尔多斯盆地南部重点勘探开发区块之一,具有很好的开发前景。其主要含油层位延安组和延长组都具有压力低、孔隙度低、渗透性超级低的油藏特点,近两年红河油田勘探开发实践证明,长水平段水平井及其配套工艺能够有效解决多年来该地区直井、定向井以及单井产量低的重大问题。但长水平段水平井由于其井身结构和技术措施的与众不同,使其钻完井过程中摩阻扭矩大,钻速慢,钻井周期长；又由于红河油田地质条件复杂,地层裂缝较多、承压小、稳定性差,富含泥岩、煤层,易吸水膨胀,钻进过程中易出现井壁坍塌、粘附卡钻、掉块卡钻等井内复杂情况,盐膏层的存在也容易引发泥浆被盐膏侵,使下钻、下套管和电测井更加困难。为解决红河油田长水平段水平井钻井过程中易井漏、卡钻、坍塌、膏侵等问题,广泛调研了红河油田钻井技术现状,对42口井井史资料进行溯源、统计,针对其复杂难点,采用机械钻速法和主成分分析法进行钻头优选,并综合分析已钻井数据资料进行了钻具组合优选,采用计算机语言以及迭代的数学计算方法编制的计算分析软件对不同钻井工况条件下摩阻、扭矩进行分析计算,并提出了降摩减扭的方法措施。通过开展本课题的研究,不仅加快了红河油田长水平段水平井的钻进速度,减少井下复杂和事故发生时间,缩短建井周期,而且为该区块实现规模化建设,增加勘探开发的综合经济效益提供技术参考。取得的主要成果与认识如下：(1)通过对红河油田已钻井的复杂事故进行统计和分析,得出该区块的钻井难点主要为：易漏、易卡、易塌、易膏侵、摩阻扭矩大。(2)分析研究各层位的岩石可钻性,通过机械钻速法和主成分分析法建议主要使用PDC钻头以提高生产收益。为了更好地控制水平井井眼轨迹,提高中靶率,通过对比分析已钻井数据最终确定了适合红河油田长水平段水平井优快钻井的钻具组合。(3)采用三维软杆模型对井下管柱受力分析,利用摩扭计算模型,分析了各种工况以及不同井眼剖面下的轴向力和摩阻扭矩,并提出了降摩减扭的措施,如泥浆性能优化、使用降摩阻短节等。(4)现场应用结果表明,该工艺有效的解决了红河油田钻长水平段水平井的钻井难题,试验井的机械钻速比之前已钻井的要高54.7%,复杂情况发生的总时间减少了71.76%,该地区长水平段水平井的建井周期缩短了34.9%,为红河油田长水平段水平井的建设提供了强有力的技术参考。
[Abstract]:Honghe Oilfield is one of the key exploration and development blocks in the south of Ordos Basin, which has a good development prospect. The Yanan formation and Yanchang formation, the main oil-bearing strata, have low pressure and low porosity. The characteristics of super low permeability reservoir, the exploration and development practice of Honghe Oilfield in recent two years proved that the horizontal well in long horizontal section and its supporting technology can effectively solve the problem of straight wells in this area for many years. The low production of directional well and single well is a major problem. However, due to the difference of well structure and technical measures in long horizontal section, the friction torque is large, the drilling speed is slow and the drilling period is long during drilling and completion. Due to the complex geological conditions, more formation fractures, low pressure, poor stability, rich in mudstone, coal seam, easy to absorb water expansion, drilling process is prone to collapse, sticking to drill. In order to solve the problem of easy well leakage during drilling long horizontal section of Honghe Oilfield, the existence of salt paste layer can easily lead to mud being invaded by salt paste, which makes drilling, casing and electric logging more difficult. Based on the investigation of drilling technology status quo of Honghe Oilfield, 42 well history data are traced and counted, aiming at its complex difficulties. The drilling speed method and principal component analysis method are used to select the drill bit, and the drilling data are analyzed synthetically to optimize the drilling tool combination. The friction and torque under different drilling conditions are analyzed and calculated by computer language and iterative mathematical calculation software. Through the research of this subject, not only the drilling speed of horizontal wells in long horizontal section of Honghe Oilfield is accelerated, the time of downhole complexity and accidents is reduced, and the construction period is shortened. And to achieve large-scale construction of the block. Increase the comprehensive economic benefit of exploration and development to provide technical reference. The main achievements and understanding are as follows: 1) through the statistics and analysis of the complex accidents in Honghe Oilfield. It is concluded that the difficulties of drilling in this block are: easy leakage, easy card, easy collapse, easy plaster invasion, high friction torque. 2) the rock drillability of each layer is analyzed and studied. Through the method of mechanical drilling speed and principal component analysis, it is suggested that the PDC bit should be mainly used to increase the production income, in order to better control the horizontal wellbore trajectory and improve the target rate. Through the comparison and analysis of drilling data, it is determined that the combination of drilling tools suitable for high speed drilling of horizontal wells in long horizontal section of Honghe Oilfield. The three-dimensional soft pipe model is used to analyze the stress of the downhole string, and the friction and torsion calculation model is used. The axial force and friction torque under various working conditions and different borehole profiles are analyzed, and the measures to reduce friction and torsion are put forward, such as the optimization of mud performance, the use of reduced-friction section, etc.) the field application results show that. This process effectively solves the drilling problem of horizontal wells in long horizontal section in Honghe Oilfield. The mechanical drilling speed of test wells is 54.7 higher than that of previously drilled wells, and the total time of complex cases is reduced by 71.76%. The construction period of long horizontal horizontal well in this area has been shortened by 34.9, which provides a strong technical reference for the construction of long horizontal horizontal well in Honghe Oilfield.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE243

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