基于新型齿轮传动的抽油机运动与动力学性能分析

发布时间：2018-01-16 01:15

本文关键词：基于新型齿轮传动的抽油机运动与动力学性能分析　出处：《西安石油大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：抽油机是石油开采的重要设备之一,本文在对目前现场应用的各种抽油机调研分析的基础上,提出了改善抽油机的节能效果,应着重从改进结构、采用节能电气设备、采用节能元件和改变平衡方式等几点着手。基于这几点节能理念,针对低产量油井提出了一种新型齿轮传动抽油机。并对抽油机的换向机构提出了两种方案,确定了新型齿轮传动抽油机的整体方案。进而对选定的抽油机方案进行设计及分析,论文主要包括以下几部分:首先,完成了新型抽油机电机、减速器、联轴器和钢丝绳的选型,并设计了不完全齿轮、齿条、天轮、机架、平衡重、移位机构及往复架整体结构;对轴和不完全齿轮进行了模态分析,得出一阶固有频率分别为79.11Hz和576.05Hz,高于抽油机的工作频率,不会发生共振;对齿轮齿条啮合进行静力学分析并对材料重新选择;其次,建立了抽油机的三自由度含单侧间隙碰撞的强迫振动力学模型,选择Hertz-damp碰撞模型对其模拟,利用MATLAB/Simulink数值求解,并讨论了主要参数对最大碰撞力和速度的影响;之后,建立了抽油杆柱的一维波动方程(吉布斯方程),给出其差分格式;对差分方程的边界条件进行讨论,重点讨论了新型抽油机杆柱运动波动方程的上边界条件;并编程求解常规抽油机和新型抽油机杆柱运动差分方程,得出了抽油杆的悬点示功图;最后,分析了齿轮传动抽油机冲程、冲次、配套抽油泵泵径和井液动力粘度对抽油杆受力的影响,得出:随着冲程、冲次和泵径变大,抽油杆受力波动范围变大,且当冲次变大时,抽油杆上端所受交变载荷变化剧烈,不利于安全工作,因此新型抽油机适用于低冲次采油,并得出随着井液动力粘度的变大,抽油杆的应力波动范围变小,这与常规抽油机的规律不同,主要是由于新型抽油机特殊的位移曲线。
[Abstract]:Pumping unit is one of the important equipment in petroleum exploitation. Based on the investigation and analysis of various pumping units used in the field at present, the paper puts forward the improvement of energy saving effect of pumping unit, and should focus on improving the structure. Using energy-saving electrical equipment, using energy-saving components and changing the balance of several points. Based on these ideas. A new type of gear drive pumping unit is proposed for low production wells, and two schemes for reversing mechanism of pumping unit are proposed. The whole scheme of the new type of gear drive pumping unit is determined. Then the selected pumping unit scheme is designed and analyzed. The paper mainly includes the following parts: firstly, the new pumping unit motor and reducer are completed. The selection of coupling and wire rope, and the design of incomplete gear, rack, sky wheel, frame, balance weight, shift mechanism and reciprocating frame overall structure; The modal analysis of shaft and incomplete gear shows that the first order natural frequencies are 79.11Hz and 576.05Hz respectively, which are higher than the operating frequency of pumping unit, and no resonance will occur. The static analysis of gear rack meshing and the re-selection of materials are carried out. Secondly, a three-degree-of-freedom forced vibration dynamic model with one side clearance is established, and the Hertz-damp collision model is selected to simulate the model. The effects of main parameters on the maximum collision force and velocity are discussed by using MATLAB/Simulink numerical method. Then the one-dimensional wave equation (Gibbs equation) of sucker rod string is established and its difference scheme is given. The boundary conditions of the difference equation are discussed, and the upper boundary conditions of the wave equation of the rod column motion of the new pumping unit are discussed. The difference equations of rod string motion between conventional pumping unit and new type pumping unit are solved by programming, and the hanging point dynamometer diagram of sucker rod is obtained. Finally, the effects of stroke, stroke, pump diameter and well fluid dynamic viscosity on sucker rod force are analyzed. It is concluded that the stroke and pump diameter become larger with stroke. The fluctuation range of sucker rod force is larger, and when the impact times become larger, the alternating load on the upper end of the sucker rod changes sharply, which is not conducive to safe operation, so the new pumping unit is suitable for low-impact oil recovery. It is concluded that the stress fluctuation range of the sucker rod becomes smaller with the increase of the dynamic viscosity of the well fluid, which is different from the rule of the conventional pumping unit, mainly because of the special displacement curve of the new pumping unit.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE933.1

【相似文献】