高温油藏产出含油污水处置增油工艺技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 16:12

本文关键词：高温油藏产出含油污水处置增油工艺技术研究　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：油田开发过程中,由于产出的原油含油地层水,为了满足原油销售要求(一般要求原油含水率低于0.5%),需要进行油水分离,添加合适的油水分离药剂,以提高分离效率。分离出的含油污水不能直接排放环境,需要研究合适的方法处置产出的含油污水的工艺技术。本文针对新开发油田的地层油藏特性、产出含油污水处置要求,筛选了适合高含蜡原油油水分离的破乳剂、高温油藏聚合物；研究了产出含油污水处置增油配套地面工艺技术,进行聚驱配套地面工艺方案设计。可以确保目标油田有效处置产出含油污水,保护环境,同时可以提高原油采收率,增加原油产量,提高油田开发效益,得到的主要结论如下：乳化剂的筛选及脱水性能：M区块原油为含蜡原油,原油乳化性能强,可形成含水高达75%的稳定原油乳状液。通过试验研究发现含水率大于75%,出现转相,其油水反相点为大于75%；在不加药剂条件下,M区块低含水原油热稳定性较强,含水率小于75%的含水原油沉降30min不出水,含水率大于75%的含水油稳定性降低,随温度升高,原油乳状液出水量增多；通过对油田常用的10种破乳剂进行筛选,POI-2420破乳剂对M区块原油具有较好的破乳脱水效果,随破乳剂加药量增大和脱水温度升高,脱水效果提高。同时采用工艺模拟软件对运行参数进行了模拟验证,推荐的原油脱水方案为：采用三级分离(即两级三相分离+电脱水器),POI-2420破乳剂投加量为30mg/L,其中第2级三相分离器出口原油的含水率小于20%,电脱水出口原油的含水率小于0.5%。聚合物的筛选和驱油性能：通过对油田常用的21种聚合物进行初步的老化试验,筛选出了5种适合高温油藏的聚合物,分别是1#、6#、8#、20#、21#聚合物,并进行了老化稳定性、溶解性、特性粘数、水解度等测试,研究结果表明这5种聚合物性能均满足行业相关规定。含油污水处置及增油工艺研究及方案设计：研究了M油田含油污水处置增油配套地面工艺技术,并推荐了适合M区块的聚地面驱工艺,主要包括密封上料工艺、水射流式聚合物母液分散工艺、聚合物母液熟化工艺(DNA双螺旋变速搅拌工艺、卧式罐等)、聚合物单泵对单井或单泵对单井分段注聚、氮气密闭工艺、变压吸附制氮工艺、海绵铁除铁工艺。M油田产出含油污水处置增油配套地面工艺设计了两个方案,分别对聚合物母液分散装置、密封上料除尘装置、熟化罐、注聚泵、除铁装置系统、除氧装置系统、注聚管线等进行工艺方案设计。推荐方案在联合处理站(CPF)采用聚合物母液集中配制的工艺流程,通过低压输送管线输送至各个井场,在各个井场聚合物注入流程采用单泵(或两泵)对单井分段注入流程,聚合物母液由注聚泵增压,与高压污水通过静态混合器混合后,注入各注聚单井。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the requirements of crude oil sales (generally the water cut of crude oil is lower than 0.5%), oil and water should be separated and suitable medicament should be added. In order to improve the separation efficiency, the separated oily sewage can not be discharged directly into the environment, so it is necessary to study the appropriate technology for the treatment of the produced oily sewage. This paper aims at the formation reservoir characteristics of the newly developed oilfields. According to the requirement of producing oily wastewater treatment, the demulsifier suitable for oil / water separation of high waxy crude oil was screened, and the high temperature reservoir polymer was selected. In this paper, the surface technology of oil-increasing sewage treatment is studied, and the surface process design of polymer flooding is carried out, which can ensure the effective disposal of oil-bearing sewage and protect the environment in the target oil field. At the same time, it can increase oil recovery, increase crude oil production and improve the efficiency of oilfield development. The main conclusions are as follows: the emulsifier screening and dehydration performance are waxy crude oil, crude oil emulsifying performance is strong. The stable crude oil emulsion with water content up to 75% can be formed. The experimental results show that the water content is greater than 75 and the phase transition occurs, and the reverse phase point of oil and water is greater than 75. The thermal stability of low water-cut crude oil is stronger than that of water cut crude oil with water content less than 75% under the condition of no medicament, and the stability of water-cut oil with water content greater than 75% is decreased when water cut is less than 75%. With the increase of temperature, the water output of crude oil emulsion increased. Through screening 10 kinds of demulsifiers commonly used in oil field, POI-2420 demulsifier has better demulsification and dehydration effect on M block crude oil, with the increase of demulsifier dosage and dehydration temperature. At the same time, the process simulation software was used to verify the operation parameters. The recommended scheme of crude oil dehydration is three-stage separation (that is, two-stage three-phase separation electric dehydrator). The dosage of POI-2420 demulsifier is 30 mg / L, in which the moisture content of the export crude oil of the second stage three-phase separator is less than 20%. The water cut of electric dehydration outlet crude oil is less than 0.5. The selection of polymer and oil displacement performance: through the preliminary aging test of 21 kinds of polymers commonly used in oil field. Five kinds of polymers suitable for high temperature reservoir were selected, which are 1 #Li 6 #Li 8 #Li 20 #Li 21# polymer, and the aging stability, solubility, intrinsic viscosity, hydrolysis degree and so on were tested. The research results show that the five kinds of polymer properties all meet the relevant regulations of the industry. Oil wastewater treatment and oil increasing process research and scheme design: oil wastewater treatment in M oilfield oil increasing matching surface process technology is studied. The polymer surface flooding technology suitable for M block is recommended, including sealing feeding technology, water jet polymer mother liquor dispersion process, polymer mother liquor ripening process and DNA double helix variable speed mixing process. Horizontal tank and so on, polymer single pump on single well or single pump on single well, nitrogen gas sealing process, pressure swing adsorption nitrogen production process. Sponge Iron removal process .The surface process of oil-bearing sewage disposal in M oilfield has designed two schemes, which are polymer mother liquor dispersing device, sealed feeding and dust removal device, maturing tank and polymer injection pump. The iron removal unit system, oxygen removal device system, polymer injection pipeline and so on are designed. The recommended scheme is to adopt the process flow of polymer mother liquor centralized preparation in the combined treatment station (CPF). Through the low pressure pipeline to each well site, in each well site polymer injection process using a single pump (or two pumps) single well injection process, polymer mother liquor by polymer injection pump pressurized. After mixing with high pressure sewage through static mixer, each polymer injection single well is injected.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.46;X741

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