农作物叶表蜡质做润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 20:06

本文关键词： 农作物叶表蜡质层环境友好型摩擦与磨损润滑油添加剂　出处：《华北电力大学(北京)》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了减少环境的污染,寻找并研究环保型可降解的润滑剂,在基础润滑油中加入可降解的植物成分作为添加剂成为了一个新的方向。本文通过试验研究并分析了农作物叶表蜡质做添加剂的摩擦学性能,通过高速往复摩擦磨损试验机评价了四种农作物(苜蓿、高粱、小麦和棉花)叶表蜡质作为润滑油添加剂在钢-铝、钢-钢以及钢-铜摩擦副上的摩擦磨损性能。用气质联用分析法分析了两种农作物(苜蓿、小麦)叶表蜡质的具体成分,磨损表面形貌用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)以及静态飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)分析观察并分析。结果表明：1、提取了苜蓿、高粱、小麦、棉花等农作物叶表蜡质,并对蜡质成分进行了GC-MS分析,发现农作物叶表蜡质中含有近50%的脂肪醇,以及少量的约10%的脂肪酸、酯等成分。2、钢-铝摩擦副下,苜蓿、高粱叶表蜡质具有优良的减摩性能和抗磨性能,减摩和抗磨性能比基础油有极大提高；钢-钢摩擦副下,苜蓿、高粱叶表蜡质也是一种优良的摩擦改进剂,具有良好的抗磨性,但抗磨效果不如MoDTC;钢-铜摩擦副下,小麦、棉花叶表蜡质作添加剂具有优异的抗磨性能,尤其是1%含量的小麦叶表蜡质,减摩抗磨性能最优。3、对磨损表面的EDS分析和TOF-SIMS分析可知,农作物叶表蜡质中的长链脂肪醇和脂肪酸等成分在摩擦条件下,羟基和羧基发生缩聚,在金属表面上发生酯化反应,在摩擦表面形成物理和化学吸附膜,从而提高了摩擦副的抗磨和减摩性能。4、通过ANSYS有限元分析软件,对磨损体积随时间的变化量进行了相关仿真,仿真过程分析了磨损表面的应力及应变的变化,并通过公式建立了磨损体积的分析模型,预测结果显示了较为良好的效果,对实践生产有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:In order to reduce environmental pollution, environmentally friendly degradable lubricants are sought and studied. It has become a new direction to add biodegradable plant ingredients as additives in basic lubricating oils. The tribological properties of waxy materials from crop leaves as additives are studied and analyzed in this paper. The wax quality of four crops (alfalfa, sorghum, wheat and cotton) was evaluated by high speed reciprocating friction and wear test machine as lubricating oil additive in steel-aluminum. The friction and wear properties of steel-steel and steel-copper friction pairs. The composition of wax on the leaves of two crops (alfalfa and wheat) was analyzed by GC-MS. The wear surface morphology was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and static time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The waxy substances of alfalfa, sorghum, wheat, cotton and other crops were extracted, and the waxy components were analyzed by GC-MS. It was found that there were nearly 50% fatty alcohols in the waxy substance of crop leaves. And a small amount of about 10% fatty acids, ester, etc., steel and aluminum friction pair, alfalfa, sorghum surface wax has excellent antifriction and antiwear performance, friction and wear resistance than base oil has greatly improved; Under steel-steel friction pair, alfalfa and sorghum surface wax is also an excellent friction modifier, which has good wear resistance, but the antiwear effect is not as good as MoDTC. Under the steel-copper friction pair, wheat, cotton leaf surface wax as additive has excellent wear resistance, especially 1% content of wheat leaf surface wax, friction and wear resistance is the best. 3. EDS and TOF-SIMS analysis of the worn surface showed that the long chain fatty alcohol and fatty acid in the waxy surface of crops were condensed by hydroxyl group and carboxyl group under the friction condition. The esterification reaction takes place on the metal surface, and the physical and chemical adsorption film is formed on the friction surface, which improves the wear resistance and antifriction performance of the friction pair. 4. The wear resistance and antifriction properties of the friction pair are improved by ANSYS finite element analysis software. The variation of wear volume with time is simulated. The stress and strain of wear surface are analyzed and the wear volume analysis model is established by formula. The prediction results show a good effect and have a certain guiding significance for practical production.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE624.82

【相似文献】