复杂介质下抽油机井抽油杆柱设计关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 08:16

本文关键词： 抽油杆柱阻尼系数液柱振动泵出口压力设计方法修正　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着油田进入开采中后期,井液性质复杂,杆柱断脱率急剧上升,导致抽油机生产运行成本增大,说明传统的抽油杆柱设计方法与采油中后期的抽油机运行工况之间存在着一定的不适应性,如何利用现有条件对复杂介质下抽油机井杆柱的工作状况进行分析,找出其关键影响因素,并对抽油机井杆柱设计方法进行修正,提高抽油杆柱的疲劳寿命,以提高油井生产时率具有重要意义。油田中后期油井采出液的组成与性质发生了变化,产生两方面的影响：一是阻尼特性的变化；二是振动特性的变化,包括杆柱振动和液柱振动。基于此,本文设计了复杂介质下管流特性试验方案与摩阻特性试验方案,进行了管流特性试验、柱塞—泵筒摩阻特性试验及光杆—盘根盒摩擦力试验,分别对不同杆管组合下的含水介质与聚合物介质进行试验测试。依据井下系统阻尼系数计算方法,得到了含水介质与聚合物介质下的阻尼系数变化规律曲线,为抽油杆柱设计提供计算依据。对抽油机井负载特性进行研究,建立了液柱力学模型并采用差分法进行求解,对井下泵出口压力进行模拟计算并编制计算程序,设计压力测试试验方案,进行井口油管压力和井下泵出口压力测试试验,验证模拟程序的合理性。利用模拟计算程序计算含水介质与聚合物介质在不同工况下井下泵出口压力并比较得出其一般规律。分析了石油天然气行业标准规定的常规抽油杆柱设计方法,针对最大最小载荷计算公式,对抽油杆柱的振动载荷项通过阻尼系数进行修正,重点对液柱载荷部分进行修正使用模拟计算的井下泵出口压力转化为载荷作用于柱塞上,替代此前的静液载荷项,以考虑液柱振动对悬点载荷的影响,使计算更为合理,可以实现对采油中后期新投产井的设计以及现有油井的优化。
[Abstract]:With the oil field entering the middle and late stage of production, the properties of the well fluid are complex, and the rod column breakage rate rises sharply, which results in the increase of the operating cost of the pumping unit. It shows that there is some inadaptability between the traditional design method of sucker rod string and the operating condition of pumping unit in the middle and late stage of oil recovery. How to use the existing conditions to analyze the working condition of rod string of pumping unit in complex medium. Find out the key influencing factors and modify the design method of rod string in pumping unit to improve the fatigue life of sucker rod string. In order to improve the production time rate of oil wells, the composition and properties of the produced fluid have changed in the middle and late stage of the oil field, which has two effects: first, the change of damping characteristics; The second is the change of the vibration characteristics, including the vibration of the rod column and the vibration of the liquid column. Based on this, the experimental scheme of the pipe flow characteristics and the friction characteristics under the complex medium are designed, and the experimental results of the pipe flow characteristics are carried out. The friction characteristic test of plunger pump cylinder and the friction force test of smooth rod and disk root box were used to test the water-bearing medium and polymer medium under different combination of rod and pipe respectively. The damping coefficient of downhole system was calculated according to the method of calculating the damping coefficient of the downhole system. The change curve of damping coefficient in aqueous medium and polymer medium is obtained, which provides the basis for the design of sucker rod string. The load characteristics of pumping well are studied. The hydraulic column mechanics model is established and solved by the difference method. The outlet pressure of the downhole pump is simulated and calculated, and the test scheme of pressure testing is designed. The wellhead tubing pressure and downhole pump outlet pressure were tested. The rationality of the simulation program is verified. The outlet pressure of the downhole pump under different working conditions is calculated by using the simulation calculation program and the general rules of the pump outlet pressure are compared. Design method of conventional sucker rod string. According to the formula of maximum and minimum load, the vibration load of sucker rod string is modified by damping coefficient. In order to consider the effect of liquid column vibration on suspension point load, the outlet pressure of downhole pump is changed into load acting on plunger in order to replace the previous hydrostatic load term in order to consider the effect of liquid column vibration on suspension load. By making the calculation more reasonable, the design of new production wells and the optimization of existing wells can be realized.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.2

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