克拉通盆地构造分异对大油气田形成的控制作用——以四川盆地震旦系—三叠系为例

发布时间：2018-01-30 19:02

本文关键词： 四川盆地构造分异克拉通内裂陷同沉积古隆起差异剥蚀型古隆起碳酸盐岩震旦纪—三叠纪勘探新区　出处：《天然气工业》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：克拉通盆地是中国海相碳酸盐岩油气赋存的主体,但过去在古老克拉通盆地构造分异对海相碳酸盐岩油气田形成与分布的影响方面缺少系统的研究,导致碳酸盐岩油气勘探有利区带评价优选难度大。为此,基于多年来对四川盆地震旦系—三叠系原型盆地与岩相古地理的研究成果,遵循构造控制沉积及油气分布的思路,分析了克拉通盆地的构造分异型式及其对油气成藏要素与分布的控制作用。结果表明:①克拉通内裂陷控制了优质烃源岩及生烃中心,与侧翼台缘带优质储集体构成良好的源—储组合,近源成藏条件优越;②克拉通内发育的差异剥蚀型、同沉积型、褶皱型3类古隆起及深大断裂,有利于碳酸盐岩规模储层的形成与分布;③多期、多类型构造分异的叠合区有利于形成大油气田。结论认为:四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探潜力巨大,具有有利油气成藏条件的德阳—安岳裂陷东翼台缘带震旦系灯影组、川中古隆起斜坡区下寒武统龙王庙组、川中—川西地区中二叠统茅口组等是该盆地天然气勘探的新领域,值得重视。
[Abstract]:Craton basin is the main source of marine carbonate oil and gas in China, but in the past there was no systematic study on the influence of tectonic differentiation of ancient craton basin on the formation and distribution of marine carbonate oil and gas fields. It is difficult to select favorable zones for hydrocarbon exploration in carbonate rocks. Therefore, based on the research results of Sinian and Triassic prototype basins and lithofacies paleogeography in Sichuan Basin for many years. It follows the idea of structural control of deposition and distribution of oil and gas. The structural differentiation pattern of the craton basin and its controlling effect on the oil and gas accumulation elements and distribution are analyzed. The results show that the 1: 1 craton inner rift controls the high quality source rock and hydrocarbon generation center. Good source-reservoir assemblage is formed with high quality reservoir body in the flanking platform margin belt, and the conditions of near-source reservoir formation are superior. (2) the differential denudation type, synsedimentary type and fold type developed in the craton are three types of paleouplift and deep fault, which is favorable to the formation and distribution of carbonate reservoir; (3) the overlapping area of multi-type structural differentiation is favorable to the formation of large oil and gas fields. The conclusion is that the marine carbonate rocks in Sichuan basin have great oil and gas exploration potential. The Dengying formation of the Sinian system in the eastern wing of the Deyang-Anyue rift depression and the lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation in the slope area of the Middle Sichuan Paleozoic uplift with favorable oil and gas accumulation conditions. Middle Permian Maokou formation is a new field of natural gas exploration in central Sichuan and western Sichuan, which deserves attention.
【作者单位】：中国石油勘探开发研究院;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项“下古生界—前寒武系碳酸盐岩油气成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价”(编号:2016ZX05004-001)
【分类号】：P618.13
【正文快照】： 中国克拉通盆地具有规模小、活动性强等特征[1],在经历多旋回构造运动之后,克拉通边缘盆地多卷入俯冲消减带或造山带而被强烈改造与破坏,现今保存较完整部分以克拉通盆地为主[2],是海相碳酸盐岩油气赋存的主体。经过数十年勘探,我国相继在四川、塔里木、鄂尔多斯等盆地发现了

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