差速换向无游梁抽油机设计与研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 05:26

本文关键词： 无游梁抽油机差速器长冲程有限元仿真节能　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今世界是一个以高效为主题的时代,如何充分有效地获取有限的资源和能源是各国科学家研究的方向。石油开采用电量占整个油田开发消耗电量的30%,一直都是能源消耗的大户,尤其是占据机械采油设备中绝大多数的抽油机是能源消耗的主体。因此研发一种性能优越、高适应性和节能效果显著的抽油机对降低采油成本与增加油田经济效益有着积极的影响。本文分析现阶段抽油机的研究现状,针对其他类型无游梁式抽油机的不足,提出全新设计方案,应用差速换向技术设计研发新型差速换向无游梁抽油机,以期实现节能、高效的目的。差速换向无游梁抽油机之所以能够区别于其他无游梁抽油机,根本在于其换向方式的不同,采用纯机械换向的方法,应用一对直齿圆柱齿轮差速器与两组液压制动装置,依靠两个PLC电控液压卡钳分别制动两个差速器半轴上的制动盘,来改变输出轴滚筒的旋转方向,不改变电机旋转方向就能实现抽油机上、下冲程的转换,还能提高冲程长度、降低冲次。结合现场需要,研究抽油机参数,制定出差速换向抽油机的整体设计方案,对抽油机传动系统和结构进行全面设计,并通过有限元分析与优化设计,使设计的关键部件均能满足强度和稳定性要求。对差速换向无游梁抽油机虚拟样机进行仿真分析后,对比10型常规游梁式抽油机在相同采油工况下动力学仿真结果表明,差速换向无游梁抽油机的输出轴扭矩峰值更低,节能效果更加明显,而且改善了电机功率曲线的输出方式,有效减少电机做负功,延长了电机寿命。论文最后对完成加工与组装的抽油机样机进行现场测试,抽油机运转试验在最大冲程和最大冲次下按设计载荷进行逐级加载,测试数据显示该抽油机4个测试点均能满足设计和工况要求。
[Abstract]:The world today is an era with the theme of efficiency. How to fully and effectively acquire limited resources and energy is the research direction of scientists all over the world. Oil production energy consumption accounts for 30 percent of the total oil field development energy consumption, and it has always been a major user of energy consumption. In particular, pumping units, which account for the vast majority of mechanical oil recovery equipment, are the main sources of energy consumption. Pumping units with high adaptability and remarkable energy-saving effect have a positive effect on reducing the cost of oil production and increasing the economic benefits of oil fields. This paper analyzes the present research situation of pumping units, and aims at the shortcomings of other types of non-beam pumping units. A new design scheme is put forward, and a new type of differential commutated beam pumping unit is designed and developed by using differential commutating technology, in order to achieve the purpose of energy saving and high efficiency. The reason why differential commutating beam pumping unit can be distinguished from other non-beam pumping units, The fundamental reason lies in the different way of commutation. By using the method of pure mechanical commutation, using a pair of spur gear differential and two groups of hydraulic braking devices, two PLC electrically controlled hydraulic calipers are used to brake the brake discs on the two differential shafts, respectively. To change the rotation direction of the output shaft drum, without changing the rotating direction of the motor, we can realize the conversion of the upper and lower stroke of the pumping unit, and can also increase the stroke length and reduce the stroke times. Combined with the needs of the field, the parameters of the pumping unit are studied. The overall design scheme of differential commutating pumping unit is worked out. The drive system and structure of pumping unit are designed in an all-round way, and the finite element analysis and optimization design are carried out. The key components of the design can meet the requirements of strength and stability. After simulation and analysis of the virtual prototype of the differential commutating non-beam pumping unit, the dynamic simulation results of the 10 type conventional beam pumping unit under the same oil recovery condition are compared. The output shaft torque of the differential commutating beam pumping unit is lower, the energy saving effect is more obvious, and the output mode of the motor power curve is improved, and the negative power of the motor is reduced effectively. Finally, the field test of the pumping unit prototype is carried out. The pumping unit operation test is carried out step by step according to the design load under the maximum stroke and the maximum impulse. The test data show that the four test points of the pumping unit can meet the requirements of design and working conditions.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE933.1

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