小型超音速气液分离装置结构优化与数值模拟

发布时间：2018-02-25 00:26

本文关键词： 小型超音速膛线式旋流数值模拟结构优化　出处：《西安石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天然气脱水是天然气处理的一个重要环节,井口出来的天然气含SH2、水、固体颗粒物等杂质。在集输过程中,水份很容易同分子较小的烃类物质结合形成水合物,或者在更低的温度条件下形成液态水滴致使管线、阀门及各种仪表堵塞,流通面积减小,管道压力降增大。此外液态水容易溶解SH2等酸性气体,形成具有腐蚀性的酸液引起管线和设备的腐蚀。只有将天然气中的水汽含量控制在合理范围内,才能保证天然气在管道内的安全输送。超声速气液分离器是用于天然气脱水净化处理的新型工艺,它将绝热膨胀、低温凝析、旋流分离、减速扩压等处理过程结合在一起,在一个密闭紧凑的装置内完成,该装置无移动部件,无污染、低成本投资和运行维护费用。但国内相关研究尚不完善,仍处于改进优化阶段。本文根据已设计和加工出来的组合式现场应用型超音速分离器,搭建实验平台和系统。进行了多次的初步实验。分析实验存在的问题。由于现场应用型超音速分离器需要相对应的井口工况压力,实验室工况条件难以满足。本文研究了一种小型膛线式旋流超音速气液分离装置的设计方法,利用UG软件分别对Laval喷管、膛线式旋流段和扩压管等关键部件进行了三维设计。设计工况和室内实验条件相结合。由于整套装置设计特点是体积小、重量小、所以旋流段管径小,不便设计和安装叶片式旋流分离器。根据枪管膛线的特点,设计不同条数和螺距的膛线式旋流管。应用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件Fluent14.0对不同结构超音速分离管的内部流场进行了数值模拟,获得了温度、压力、速度等物理参量的变化规律。重点对不同结构参数的旋流管分离器内部流场,以及旋流场进行模拟对比。选取最优化的结构设计。为实现下一阶段小型分离器加工,室内实验打下基础。
[Abstract]:Natural gas dehydration is an important part of natural gas treatment. The natural gas from the wellhead contains impurities such as SH2, water, solid particles, etc. In the process of gathering and transporting, water can easily be combined with hydrocarbons with smaller molecules to form hydrates. Or the formation of liquid water droplets at lower temperatures leads to blockages in pipelines, valves and various instruments, reduced circulation area and increased pressure drop in the pipeline. In addition, liquid water is easy to dissolve acidic gases such as SH2, The formation of corrosive acids causes corrosion of pipelines and equipment. Only if the moisture content in natural gas is controlled within a reasonable range, The supersonic gas-liquid separator is a new process used in the dehydration and purification of natural gas. It combines the processes of adiabatic expansion, low temperature condensate, cyclone separation, deceleration and diffuser, etc. Completed in a closed and compact device with no moving parts, no pollution, low cost investment and maintenance costs. It is still in the stage of improvement and optimization. In this paper, according to the design and processing of the combined field application supersonic separator, The experimental platform and system were built. Several preliminary experiments were carried out. The problems existed in the experiments were analyzed. The pressure of the wellhead working condition was required for the field application supersonic separator. In this paper, the design method of a small rifling swirl supersonic gas-liquid separation device is studied, and the Laval nozzle is made use of UG software. Three-dimensional design of key components such as rifling swirl section and diffuser tube is carried out. The design conditions are combined with indoor experimental conditions. Because the design of the whole device is small in size and weight, the diameter of the swirl section is small. It is inconvenient to design and install vane swirl separators. According to the characteristics of barrel rifling, A rifling swirl tube with different number and pitch is designed. The internal flow field of supersonic separation tube with different structures is numerically simulated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software Fluent14.0. The temperature and pressure are obtained. The variation law of physical parameters such as velocity. The internal flow field and swirl flow field of swirl tube separator with different structure parameters are simulated and compared. The optimum structure design is selected. In order to realize the processing of small separator in the next stage, Laboratory experiments lay the foundation.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE931.1

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