井径与电磁组合式油水井管柱探伤技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 16:01

本文关键词： 多臂井径仪电磁探伤位移传感器　出处：《西安石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：套管损坏会直接影响到油气井的生产与开发,开展套损检测工作势在必行。通过套损检测技术可以得到较为全面的套管技术状况,有助于开展套管损伤修复和预防工作,这对油田开发及稳产有着重要的作用。本文通过分析电磁法和机械法在套损检测工程应用的优劣和仪器工作原理,提出二者组合的检测方法,一次下井就能够获得大量套损信息。论文研究了系统的总体设计方案以及两只仪器结合后的数据融合上传机制,重点研究了多臂井径仪套管探伤系统。对井径仪探头的探测性能进行了研究,研制了井径仪相关电路及相应软件,并对井下系统各个电路模块进行了调试,研究设计了井径仪上位机软件系统。在对套管探伤信号特征分析的基础上,提出一种基于小波分析的地面解释方法。首先介绍本课题的背景和意义,以及国内、国外的发展状况。然后对套管损伤检测方法理论及系统要实现的功能和性能进行分析,提出将电磁探伤仪与井径仪组合测井方法。设计了基于RS485总线的井下数据融合电路及通讯协议,利用电容耦合方式完成井下至井上的数据遥传。研究设计了井径仪核心部件差动变压器式位移传感器。设计了以ADUC832为核心的探头激励电路,信号接收调理电路及A/D采集电路。利用平衡电桥原理设计了温度测量电路。使用KEIL软件完成了井径仪井下系统硬件电路的程序设计。应用LABVIEW编写了多臂井径仪上位机软件,以实现对采集数据的显示和成像,得到可见具体的套损情况。研究了组合式套管探伤信号的特征,提出了基于小波多分辨率分析的信号突变点检测,研究了实现突变点检测的算法流程,对测量数据应用小波分析,以实现对测井信号的解释。采用含有突变点的两类信号来模拟探伤信号,并将其在MATLAB的小波GUI中导入进行小波多分辨率分析仿真,结果表明小波分析对突变点检测是行之有效的。在理论研究和井下系统研制的基础上,最后对井下各个电路模块进行了调试,验证了设计的可行性。本文研究的理论和试验成果可以为井径和电磁组合式套管系统的研制提供重要的技术参考。
[Abstract]:Casing damage will directly affect the production and development of oil and gas wells, so it is imperative to carry out casing damage detection. Through casing damage detection technology, a more comprehensive casing technical situation can be obtained, which is helpful to carry out casing damage repair and prevention work. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of electromagnetic method and mechanical method in casing damage detection engineering and the working principle of instrument, this paper puts forward the combined detection method of the two methods. A large amount of casing damage information can be obtained from a single downhole. This paper studies the overall design scheme of the system and the data fusion and uploading mechanism of the two instruments. In this paper, the casing flaw detection system of Dobby caliper is mainly studied. The detection performance of the probe is studied. The related circuits and corresponding software are developed, and the various circuit modules of downhole system are debugged. This paper studies and designs the upper computer software system of the well diameter instrument. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of casing flaw detection signal, a ground interpretation method based on wavelet analysis is proposed. Firstly, the background and significance of this subject, as well as the domestic, are introduced. Then the theory of casing damage detection method and the function and performance of the system are analyzed. The method of combining electromagnetic flaw detector and well diameter instrument is put forward, and the downhole data fusion circuit and communication protocol based on RS485 bus are designed. The remote transmission of data from downhole to well is accomplished by means of capacitive coupling. The differential transformer displacement sensor, which is the core component of the well diameter instrument, is studied and designed. A probe excitation circuit with ADUC832 as the core is designed. The signal receiving and conditioning circuit and the A / D acquisition circuit are used to design the temperature measuring circuit. The temperature measuring circuit is designed by using the balance bridge principle. The hardware circuit of the downhole system is designed by using KEIL software. The upper computer software of the Dobby caliper is programmed by using LABVIEW. In order to display and image the collected data and obtain the visible and concrete casing damage, the characteristics of the combined casing flaw detection signal are studied, and the detection of the abrupt point of the signal based on wavelet multi-resolution analysis is proposed. The algorithm flow of abrupt point detection is studied. Wavelet analysis is applied to the measurement data to realize the interpretation of logging signal. Two kinds of signals with catastrophe point are used to simulate the flaw detection signal. The simulation results show that wavelet analysis is effective for the detection of mutation points. Based on the theoretical research and the development of underground system, the wavelet multi-resolution analysis simulation is carried out in the wavelet GUI of MATLAB, and the simulation results show that the wavelet analysis is effective for the detection of mutation points. Finally, every circuit module is debugged and the feasibility of the design is verified. The theoretical and experimental results of this paper can provide an important technical reference for the development of the well diameter and electromagnetic combined casing system.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE931.2

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