煤层气水平井导向快速监测技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-02-27 05:34

本文关键词： 煤层气水平井导向快速监测比能灰色关联多源信息融合　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：煤层气水平井导向快速监测技术是煤层气水平井施工中保障地质导向钻井效果的重要技术,是有效提高煤层钻遇率,引导钻头在煤层中顺利钻进的重要手段。目前普遍使用随钻测井工具配合解释软件系统进行导向快速监测,但这种方式成本高昂,不符合国内煤层气低成本开发原则;由于井下测量方式存在测量盲区,当钻头进入煤层后,机械钻速极快,钻头通过测量盲区花费时间极短,远远小于井下数据传输至地面所需时间,因此在地面软件系统响应前,钻头极有可能已经钻出煤层。因此,本文提出了一种适合于煤层气水平井的基于地面测量数据实现导向快速监测的技术手段,通过地面测量间接判识钻头位置地层岩性变化来判断当前层位,同时满足了煤层气水平井导向监测的低成本与快速性需求,通过研究取得如下成果:1.设计并开发了针对煤层气水平井的基于地面测量数据的导向快速监测系统,利用地面仪表与实时数据采集技术,实现了所需地面参数的实时采集分析,通过对地面参数的监测进行地层岩性快速判识,实现了对地质导向的快速监测,有效提高了煤层钻遇率;2.通过对煤层气水平井钻井工艺技术与导向钻井技术进行深入研究,对比评价了基于井下测量数据和基于地面测量数据两种导向监测方式的优劣性,总结出基于地面测量数据的导向监测方式是对于煤层气水平井而言真正快速的导向监测方式,确定了如何利用地面测量实现煤层气水平井导向快速监测的方案,满足煤层气低成本开发需求;3.通过对机械比能与岩石比能理论进行分析研究,建立了机械比能与岩石比能模型,利用地面测量数据得出机械比能与岩石比能,为煤层气水平井导向快速监测多源融合模型奠定了理论基础;4.通过对钻井工程参数研究,优选出最能反映地层性能的参数并将其作为系统监测参数,包括:钻压、钻时、扭矩、转盘转速、机械比能与岩石比能,应用灰色关联聚类算法建立多源信息融合识别模型,利用钻井数据对灰色关联识别模型进行了模拟仿真分析,验证了模型的有效性,为煤层气水平井导向快速监测系统开发提供了理论依据;5.基于导向快速监测技术与灰色关联识别模型完成了煤层气水平井导向快速监测系统技术方案设计,根据监测参数需求完成了硬件仪表装备配套,依据软件系统数据需求分析建立了配套数据库,为实现煤层气水平井导向快速监测提供了数据支撑;6.基于所建立的多源融合模型及配套数据库,完成了煤层气水平井导向快速监测系统软件架构设计与软件系统各功能模块开发,并在沁水盆地两口水平井进行了现场应用,结果表明:该系统在现场运行稳定,根据所采集的地面数据快速判识地层岩性,实现了地质导向快速监测,达到了煤层气水平井钻井现场对地质导向快速监测分析需求。本文所设计并开发的煤层气水平井导向快速监测系统充分发挥了基于地面测量数据进行导向快速监测方法的优势,在满足煤层气水平井低成本开发的基础上,真正实现了导向快速监测,具有较高的应用价值。
[Abstract]:Horizontal well orientation of coalbed gas monitoring technology is an important technology to ensure the geosteering drilling effect of CBM horizontal well construction, is to improve the coal seam drilling rate, an important means to guide the smooth drilling drill in the coal seam. The current widespread use of LWD tools with the software system of rapid monitoring oriented, but this is expensive that does not conform to the principle of domestic gas development with low cost; due to the underground measurement measurement blind area, when the drill bit into the coal seam, drilling speed is fast, the bit by measuring blind spend time is very short, far less than the transmission of downhole data to the ground required time, so in response to the ground software system, the bit is likely to have been drilled in coal seam therefore, this paper proposes a technical means to realize the fast ground measurement data monitoring based on suitable for CBM horizontal wells, through the Measurement of indirect identification bit position of lithology changes to determine the current layer, at the same time to meet the demand of low cost and fast coal seam gas guide horizontal well monitoring, through the research achievements are as follows: 1. design and development for CBM horizontal well ground measurement based data oriented rapid monitoring system, using ground and instrument real time data acquisition technology, realizes the acquisition of real-time analysis of required surface parameters, through the monitoring of ground parameters of lithology identification is realized fast, rapid monitoring of geosteering, effectively improve the coal seam drilling rate; 2. through an in-depth study on drilling technology and coalbed methane horizontal well drilling technology based on the comparative evaluation, downhole measurement data and measurement data based on advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of ground monitoring oriented mode, summed up the measure oriented supervision ground based on measurement data Is for CBM horizontal wells real fast orientation monitoring, determine how to use ground measurements to achieve rapid monitoring of horizontal well orientation of coalbed methane CBM development scheme, to meet the needs of low cost; 3. based on mechanical specific energy and rock than theoretical analysis, established the mechanical specific energy and specific energy of rock the results showed that the mechanical model, specific energy and rocks than can use ground measurement data, laid the theoretical foundation for CBM horizontal well oriented rapid monitoring of multi-source fusion model; 4. through the study of drilling engineering parameters, the optimized parameters can reflect the formation properties and as a system of monitoring parameters, including drilling pressure, drilling time. Torque, rotating speed, mechanical specific energy and rock ratio can, using grey correlation clustering algorithm to establish the model of multi-source information fusion, the grey relational identification model for simulation by using drilling data Analysis, to verify the validity of the model, and provides a theoretical basis for the horizontal well orientation of coalbed gas monitoring system based on fast development; the 5. oriented rapid monitoring technology and gray correlation model to complete the CBM horizontal well oriented rapid monitoring design scheme of the system, according to the monitoring parameters of the hardware instrument equipment, according to the analysis data the software system requirements supporting the establishment of a database, provides data support for the realization of rapid monitoring of horizontal well oriented coalbed gas; 6. based on the multi-source fusion model and the corresponding database, completed the coal layer gas well oriented monitoring system software architecture design and the function modules of software system development, and the field application in Qinshui in two wells shows that the system is stable in the field, according to the data collected fast identification of lithology, the Rapid monitoring of geosteering drilling to CBM horizontal well geosteering site for rapid monitoring analysis needs. Rapid monitoring system for horizontal well orientation of coalbed gas in this paper the design and development and give full play to the rapid monitoring method to the ground measurement data based on the advantage, to meet the basic CBM horizontal wells in low cost of development, really to achieve a rapid monitoring oriented, has higher application value.

【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE243

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