抽油杆井口偏磨检测方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 14:17

本文关键词： 机械采油井口偏磨倾角检测图像测距　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前机械采油方式在我国占据着主导地位,传统的有杆采油井在抽油杆往复运动时为了保证井口密封性装配有井口抽油杆密封器。抽油杆在偏斜状态下往复运动会造成抽油杆以及密封器的相互磨损报废,同时可能引起井口漏油。这是长期困扰采油厂的难题。本文在充分调研的基础上,根据井口密封的实际情况,使用ABAQUS有限元仿真分析了井口密封性与抽油杆偏斜的相关性,针对高效高精度检测抽油杆偏磨的实际需求,提出了一种基于抽油杆偏斜角度、抽油杆偏离井口中心的偏心距检测系统的总体设计方案,并对系统硬件及软件做了详细的分析设计。硬件部份包括倾角采集部分、图像采集部分、单片机电路部分以及通信电路部分。由倾角传感器采集抽油杆的倾角信号,图像传感器采集抽油杆偏离井口中心的图像信号,基于数字图像处理技术计算出抽油杆偏离井口中心的偏心距,测得数据可用于进一步研究井口漏油预警,同时倾角数据和抽油杆井口偏心距信息可以指导现场采油井口调偏对中,以及是否更换盘根密封圈和抽油杆。系统软件部分采用C语言完成了单片机程序以及上位机图像处理程序的编写。根据设计方案进行了加工与装配,完成了抽油杆偏斜检测原理机。原理机室内模拟调试后,在室外抽油机平台上进行了抽油杆偏磨关键参数的采集与处理,验证了抽油杆井口偏磨检测方法的技术路线的正确性。本文提出在抽油杆以及井口密封装置非拆卸的情况下进行抽油杆偏磨检测思路和方法对于井口偏磨检测研究具有一定的创新意义。虽然目前的阶段研究成果距离实用还有差距,但未来应用前景广阔,为下一步现场的应用推广提供了重要的参考依据。
[Abstract]:At present, the mode of mechanical oil production plays a leading role in our country. In order to ensure the wellhead seal, the traditional rod rod reciprocating movement in the sucker rod oil well will lead to the wear and tear of the sucker rod and the sealing device when the sucker rod is reciprocating in the state of deflection, in order to ensure the sealing ability of the well head, the sucker rod and the sealing device will be scrapped. At the same time, it may cause oil leakage at the wellhead. This is a difficult problem that has puzzled the oil production plant for a long time. On the basis of full investigation and according to the actual situation of wellhead seal, the correlation between wellhead sealing property and rod deflection is analyzed by using ABAQUS finite element simulation. In view of the actual demand of high efficiency and high precision testing sucker rod bias wear, a general design scheme of eccentricity detection system based on sucker rod deflection angle and sucker rod deviation from the center of wellhead is put forward. The hardware and software of the system are analyzed and designed in detail. The hardware part includes the obliquity acquisition part, the image acquisition part, the single-chip microcomputer circuit part and the communication circuit part. The dip angle signal of the sucker rod is collected by the dip angle sensor. The image sensor collects the image signal of sucker rod deviating from the center of wellhead. Based on the digital image processing technology, the eccentricity of sucker rod deviating from wellhead center is calculated. The measured data can be used to further study the early warning of wellhead oil spill. At the same time, the data of dip angle and the eccentric distance information of sucker rod wellhead can be used to guide the misalignment of the well head in the field. And whether to replace the sealing ring and sucker rod. In the software part of the system, the single-chip computer program and the image processing program of the host computer are compiled with C language. The machining and assembly are carried out according to the design scheme. After indoor simulation and debugging, the key parameters of rod bias wear were collected and processed on the platform of outdoor pumping unit. The correctness of the technical route of the testing method of sucker rod wellhead bias wear is verified. This paper puts forward the train of thought and method for detecting sucker rod bias wear without disassembly of sucker rod and wellhead sealing device. Although there is still a gap between the practical and practical research results at the present stage, But the future application prospect is broad, which provides an important reference for the next field application.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE933.2

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