带压缩机输气干线稳态运行优化技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 23:14

本文关键词： 输气干线压缩机稳态仿真线性逼近法西气东输一线　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来天然气的开发和利用呈现快速增长的趋势,但由于天然气产地和消费地距离通常比较远,需要建设大量的长距离输气管线以满足天然气输送的需求。长距离气体管道运输的能耗费用是其运行总费用的主要部分,且管道沿线压缩机站有多种组合方式,不同组合方式的压缩机能耗有很大的差别。通过合适的优化方法找出能耗最小的运行方案,对输气干线的合理调度和能源的合理利用有着重要的实际意义。具体的研究内容和得出的主要结论如下： (1)针对不同组合方式的输气干线压缩机站运行能耗会有较大差别的特点,以管线压缩机站能耗最小为目标函数,以进(分)气压力约束、管道压力降方程、压缩机方程、管网流量平衡约束为约束条件,提出优化变量,建立带压缩机输气干线稳态运行优化数学模型。 (2)分析发现,优化模型中的等式约束条件包括稳态仿真的基本方程,所以稳态仿真是输气干线稳态运行优化的基础和前提。本文采用节点法建立输气管线稳态仿真模型,使用LU分解法和阻尼Newton-Raphson法对稳态仿真计算模型进行求解。将编制的稳态仿真核心程序作为优化模型求解的基础。 (3)输气干线稳态运行优化变量包括连续型变量和整型离散变量压缩机站组合方式。为了对优化模型进行求解,首先列出离散变量的所有组合方式。在此基础上,使用线性逼近法对输气管线稳态运行优化模型进行求解,线性逼近的过程采用的数学方法为单纯形法。并针对单纯形法顶点可能超出可行域或者偏离原寻优方向的问题,将单纯形算法进行了改进。 (4)选择西气东输一线作为本文的研究对象,收集管长、管径、管道沿线高程、站场布置情况、压缩机输量和管线运行数据等资料。压缩机各个参数的特性方程是否正确直接关系到优化计算的准确性,因此对西气东输一线各压缩机运行数据进行拟合,得出各压缩机的特性方程。对西气东输一线春夏秋冬四个季节的运行数据进行优化计算,得出每个季节全线压缩机能耗最小的最优运行方案。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development and utilization of natural gas has shown a trend of rapid growth. However, because of the distance between the origin of natural gas and the place of consumption, A large number of long-distance gas pipelines need to be built to meet the needs of natural gas transportation. The energy consumption cost of long distance gas pipeline transportation is the main part of the total operating cost, and there are many combinations of compressor stations along the pipeline. The energy consumption of compressors with different combinations is very different. It is of great practical significance to find out the operation scheme with the least energy consumption through the appropriate optimization method for the rational scheduling of gas transmission trunk lines and the rational utilization of energy sources. The specific contents of the study and the main conclusions reached are as follows:. 1) according to the characteristics of different combinations of gas transmission trunk compressor stations, the operating energy consumption of pipeline compressor stations is different. Taking the minimum energy consumption of pipeline compressor stations as the objective function, the forward (partial) gas pressure constraints, pipeline pressure drop equations, compressor equations, The optimal variables are put forward and the mathematical model of steady operation optimization of gas transmission lines with compressors is established. It is found that the equality constraints in the optimization model include the basic equations of steady-state simulation, so the steady-state simulation is the basis and prerequisite for the optimization of the steady-state operation of the gas trunk line. In this paper, the nodal method is used to establish the steady-state simulation model of the gas pipeline. The steady-state simulation model is solved by using LU decomposition method and damping Newton-Raphson method. The core program of steady-state simulation is used as the basis of solving the optimization model. In order to solve the optimization model, all the combinations of discrete variables are listed first. The linear approximation method is used to solve the steady-state operation optimization model of gas pipeline. The mathematical method used in the process of linear approximation is the simplex method, and aiming at the problem that the vertex of the simplex method may exceed the feasible region or deviate from the original optimization direction, The simplex algorithm is improved. (4) selecting the West to East Gas Transmission Line as the research object of this paper, collecting the pipe length, pipe diameter, the elevation along the pipeline, and the layout of the station yard. Whether the characteristic equation of compressor parameters is correct or not is directly related to the accuracy of optimization calculation, so the operation data of all compressors in the first line of West-to-East gas transmission are fitted. The characteristic equation of each compressor is obtained, and the operation data of four seasons in spring, summer, autumn and winter are optimized and calculated, and the optimal operation scheme of the compressor with minimum energy consumption in each season is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE832

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