基于岩石物理模型的孔隙度和孔隙结构反演及应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 15:48

本文选题：岩石物理模型　切入点：孔隙度反演　出处：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在油气地球物理研究中,孔隙度是描述油气藏储层的重要参数,孔隙结构是影响岩石等效弹性性质的主要因素,对储层预测有相当重要的作用。孔隙结构的具体物理意义目前尚不统一,专家学者们经常从自身工作需要出发来定义孔隙结构。本文根据研究的需要,对孔隙结构的定义主要包括孔隙形状、大小和岩石固结度。在目前的地震孔隙度反演中,一般少有包含孔隙结构参数在内。本文基于岩石骨架统一模型,导出了含孔隙结构参数的孔隙度反演公式和孔隙结构参数的反演公式。岩石骨架统一模型可以根据实际地质和岩石孔隙情况调节孔隙结构参数,获得符合实际地质情况的岩石骨架模型表达式,所以基于岩石骨架统一模型的孔隙度和孔隙结构反演考虑了孔隙结构,提高了对地质条件的适应性,因此,该反演方法更灵活、更全面。本文建立了基于岩石骨架统一模型的包含孔隙结构参数的孔隙度反演公式,研究分析对比了孔隙度和孔隙结构对岩石等效弹性性质的影响,得到结论:孔隙结构相较于孔隙度对岩石等效弹性性质的影响有着同等甚至更重要的作用。本文通过对常用岩石物理模型正演模拟分析,结果表明岩石结构参数随孔隙度的变大而变大;岩石结构参数随固结系数的变大而变大;岩石结构参数随孔隙扁率的变大而变小。本文利用了X地区地震叠前数据和测井资料,基于统一岩石骨架模型反演地震孔隙度和孔隙结构参数。单井反演结果表明:孔隙度与实测孔隙度接近,误差小,证明该反演方法可靠有效,储层段的岩石孔隙扁率介于0.1到0.25之间,岩石的固结系数介于2到5之间,反映了该地区内的储集空间以裂缝-孔隙为主,岩石受压实程度较强,与实际地质情况相符;地震反演结果表明:孔隙度在0.01到0.08之间,结构参数在0.02到0.04之间,反演结果与实际情况一致。
[Abstract]:Porosity is an important parameter to describe reservoir in oil and gas geophysics, and pore structure is the main factor that affects the equivalent elastic property of rock. The physical meaning of pore structure is not uniform at present. Experts and scholars often define pore structure according to their own work needs. The definition of pore structure mainly includes pore shape, size and rock consolidation degree. In the present seismic porosity inversion, pore structure parameters are rarely included. The inversion formula of porosity with pore structure parameters and the inversion formula of pore structure parameters are derived. The unified model of rock skeleton can adjust the pore structure parameters according to the actual geological conditions and the pore conditions of rock. The expression of rock skeleton model is obtained, so the porosity and pore structure inversion based on the unified model of rock skeleton takes pore structure into account and improves the adaptability to geological conditions. Therefore, the inversion method is more flexible. In this paper, based on the unified model of rock skeleton, a porosity inversion formula including pore structure parameters is established, and the effects of porosity and pore structure on the equivalent elastic properties of rock are analyzed and compared. It is concluded that the effect of pore structure on the equivalent elastic properties of rock is equal or more important than that of porosity. The results show that the parameters of rock structure become larger with the increase of porosity, the parameters of rock structure become larger with the increase of consolidation coefficient, and the parameters of rock structure become smaller with the increase of porosity. Inversion of seismic porosity and pore structure parameters based on unified rock skeleton model. The results of single well inversion show that the porosity is close to the measured porosity and the error is small, which proves that the inversion method is reliable and effective. The porosity of the reservoir is between 0.1 and 0.25, and the consolidation coefficient of the rock is between 2 and 5, which indicates that the reservoir space in this area is mainly fracture-pore, and the compaction degree of the rock is strong, which is consistent with the actual geological conditions. The seismic inversion results show that the porosity is between 0.01 and 0.08, and the structural parameters are between 0.02 and 0.04. The inversion results are consistent with the actual situation.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13

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