基于开关磁阻电机的抽油机智能控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 21:04

本文选题：抽油机　切入点：开关磁阻电机　出处：《西安石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国大多数陆上油田已经处于开采中后期阶段。在中后期或低产油井开采中,油井产液量波动范围大,常用的抽油机系统工况不能随着油井产液量的变化而改变,导致频繁出现“空抽”或“不满抽”现象,电能损耗大,抽油机系统效率低。本文针对油田生产中频繁出现“空抽”或“不满抽”现象造成能源浪费的问题,以节能降耗增加效益为目标,通过对抽油机控制系统的研究与分析,设计了一种基于开关磁阻电机的抽油机智能控制系统,提高了抽油机系统工况与油井产液能力的适应性。首先,通过分析抽油机和开关磁阻电机的工作原理及控制系统,设计了系统的控制电路,包括电流采样电路、转速检测电路和转速调节电路以及电源电压转换电路。其次,提出了一种动态标定满抽电流方法,该方法标定的满抽电流大小随着油井工况的变化实时发生改变。接着,根据动态标定满抽电流方法设计了转速调节算法。该算法通过油井的出液量决定的电机电流大小来调节开关磁阻电机转速,使抽油机一直处于近满抽状态。最后使用KeilμVision5开发平台和ULINK2仿真器对基于ARM Cortex-M3内核的处理器LPC1768配置,并搭建实验平台进行了模拟测试。模拟实验结果表明,本文所设计的智能控制系统通过比较电机相电流和满抽电流的大小来调节电机转速,使抽油机达到最佳工作状态,从而提高了抽油机系统效率,达到了节能降耗的效果。
[Abstract]:Most onshore oil fields in China are already in the middle and late stage of production. In the middle and late stage of production or in low production wells, the oil well fluid production fluctuates greatly, and the commonly used pumping unit system conditions can not be changed with the change of oil well liquid production. As a result of frequent occurrence of "empty pumping" or "unsatisfactory pumping", large power consumption and low efficiency of pumping unit system, this paper aims at the problem of energy waste caused by frequent "empty pumping" or "dissatisfaction pumping" in oilfield production. Based on the research and analysis of the control system of pumping unit, an intelligent control system of pumping unit based on switched reluctance motor is designed. The adaptability of pumping unit system working condition and oil well liquid production ability is improved. Firstly, by analyzing the working principle and control system of pumping unit and switched reluctance motor, the control circuit of the system, including current sampling circuit, is designed. The speed detection circuit, the speed adjusting circuit and the power supply and voltage conversion circuit. Secondly, a method of dynamic calibration full pump current is proposed, which changes the full pump current with the change of the working conditions of the well in real time. According to the method of dynamic calibrating full pumping current, a speed regulation algorithm is designed, which adjusts the speed of switched reluctance motor by the current size of the motor determined by the fluid output of the well. Finally, the Keil 渭 Vision5 development platform and ULINK2 simulator are used to configure the processor LPC1768 based on the ARM Cortex-M3 kernel, and a simulation test platform is built. The simulation results show that, The intelligent control system designed in this paper adjusts the motor speed by comparing the magnitude of the motor phase current and the full pump current, which makes the pumping unit achieve the best working state, thus improves the efficiency of the pumping unit system and achieves the effect of saving energy and reducing consumption.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE933.1;TP273.5

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