一种环保型无荧光水基钻井液润滑剂的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-03-11 01:29

本文选题：钻井液　切入点：润滑剂　出处：《西安石油大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：依据钻井液润滑剂的润滑减阻机理,以可回收植物油为主料,以磺化剂、乳化剂为辅料,合成了钻井液用无荧光润滑剂(WBL)。采用DLA-Ⅱ型钻井液动态润滑性分析仪,模拟正常钻井过程中钻井液循环流动下,以及模拟钻进时钻具和井壁之间的摩擦阻力,测试了扭矩降低率。现场试验了钻井液用植物油润滑剂WBL在桃2-7-3H井等30多口气井、油井水平井的应用效果。实验测试及现场试验结果表明,经过特定的化学改性,将可回收植物油稳定性极差(容易变质、分解,或者高温下易降解等)的性质得到改善,达到水溶性好、无荧光、抗氧化性强、润滑性能好等钻井润滑减阻的技术要求。取得以下主要结果:(1)对废植物油脂质量极差、极不卫生,过氧化值、酸性、水分严重超标,有异味的非食用油。在进行工业改性之前必须先对其进行提纯。通过对可回收植物油的分离、提纯及改性,研制出的钻井液用生物油润滑剂WBL,其润滑系数降低率最高达到92.2%,发泡率:≤5%,萤光级别:≤3级,可抗温达150℃,并与各种水基钻井液有良好的配伍性。(2)通过一系列的室内实验,当润滑剂内回收植物油油含量50%时,润滑系数降低率不再明显升高,并趋于稳定达到92.2%,而原油的润滑系数降低率仅47.3%,达不到标准要求。它的无荧光或低荧光级别对于寻找储层更具灵活性,降低了钻井中录井误差,同样,对于目前水平井润滑减阻降摩也具有良好的润滑性,而且润滑剂最优加量在2%左右,其经济型具有较大优势。(3)植物油润滑剂现场试验30余口井,现场润滑减阻性能优良,所有钻井过程中扭矩平均降低率达到37.5%,摩阻平均降低率达到49.4%,滑块摩阻系数平均降低率达到65.8%,滑降扭矩降摩阻效果明显,同时也有利于钻井提速。对井下复杂情况的控制有着明显的效果,滑块摩阻系数在0.0262~0.0524之间。使用WBL的所有井平均润滑剂成本为184.3元/m~3,比之前成本平均下降了29.64%。(4)对废弃植物油的重复回收利用,减少了社会上流通的废弃食用油存在的数量,使用于钻井作业中,对地层无污染,对环境友好。建议将更多种类的废弃油脂类物质通过改性改良方法运用到钻井工业中。
[Abstract]:On the basis of drilling fluid lubricant lubrication drag reduction mechanism to Recyclable vegetable oil as the main raw material, with sulfonating agent and emulsifier as auxiliary materials, non fluorescence lubricant for drilling fluid was synthesized (WBL). The DLA- type drilling fluid dynamic lubrication analysis, simulation of circulating drilling fluid flow under the normal drilling process, and the simulation of friction resistance between the drilling tool and borehole drilling, the torque reduction rate test. Field test of gas well drilling fluid with vegetable oil lubricant WBL in peach 2-7-3H wells more than 30, the application effect of horizontal oil wells. The experimental test and field test results show that after modification of specific chemical, will Recyclable vegetable oil (poor stability perishable, easy degradation or high temperature decomposition, etc.) properties were improved, to achieve good water solubility, no fluorescence, strong oxidation resistance, good lubricating performance and drilling lubricating requirements resistance technology. Main results are as follows: ( 1) of waste vegetable oil quality is poor, unsanitary, peroxide value, acid, water seriously exceed the standard, non edible oil smell. Before the industrial modification must first to carry out the purification. Through the separation of Recyclable vegetable oil, purification and modification, using bio oil drilling fluid lubricant WBL developed, the reduced rate of the lubricating coefficient reached 92.2%, foaming rate is less than 5%, the fluorescence level: less than or equal to 3, anti temperature up to 150 DEG C, and has good compatibility with various water-based drilling fluid. (2) through a series of laboratory experiments, when the lubricant oil recovery plant oil content of 50% when the lubricating coefficient decrease rate no longer increased, and tends to be stable at 92.2%, while crude oil lubrication coefficient to reduce the rate of only 47.3%, not up to standard requirements. It has no fluorescence or low fluorescence level to find the reservoir more flexibility, reduce drilling logging error, also, for the horizontal well Lubricating resistance and friction also has good lubricity, and the optimal amount of lubricant at around 2%, the economy has a large advantage. (3) vegetable oil lubricant field test of more than 30 wells, the drag reduction performance, torque all in the process of drilling an average reduction rate reached 37.5%, the average rate of friction reduction sliding friction coefficient reaches 49.4%, average rate reached 65.8%, down torque of friction reduction effect is obvious, but also conducive to the drilling speed. To control the underground complex situation has obvious effect, the slider friction coefficient between 0.0262~0.0524. The average cost of all wells lubricant WBL /m~3 to 184.3 yuan, than before the average cost decreased by 29.64%. (4) of the repeated recycling of waste vegetable oil by reducing the number of social circulation of waste edible oil, used in drilling operation, no pollution to soil, suggestions will be friendly to the environment. More kinds of waste oils are used in the drilling industry by modified modification methods.

【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE254.4

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