海上废弃石油平台拆除工艺技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 10:11

本文选题：废弃　切入点：石油平台　出处：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海洋石油的勘探开发和开采利用是石油产业的重要组成部分,随着海上设备设施的日益发展,我国早年建成并多年使用的钻井、采油、作业平台等部分设施已陆续到了设计使用寿命,如何拆除这些设备设施已经成为石油从业者们日趋关注的重大问题。海上废弃平台拆除是一项涉及领域涵盖广泛的综合性系统工程,目前已成为一门新兴的高技术产业等着人们探讨和实践。为此,本文重点从废弃石油平台市场调研入手,分析国内外和亚太地区市场情况、费用预估情况,梳理国内外相关法律规范公约、涉及的政治问题和环境影响因素,分析废弃平台处置的方式、原则、流程,介绍常用的切割方法,从施工工艺着手,介绍弃井作业的施工工艺,从施工船舶就位、水下探摸到组块、设备拆除开始,分析废弃平台拆除施工的技术和工艺,介绍了工艺系统清洗、装船固定、海上运输、场地清理、陆岸拆解等流程和步骤,重点对导管架平台拆除过程和桩管内外切割排泥的方案进行详细解读。同时,又结合废弃平台项目施工作业管理,编写人员组成和设备机具清单,分析作业风险和预防措施,从实例为出发指导拆除施工作业,以期找到适合钢质桩基式导管架平台拆除的可行办法。
[Abstract]:The exploration and exploitation of offshore oil is an important part of the petroleum industry. With the development of offshore equipment and facilities, the drilling and oil recovery built and used for many years in our country in early years. Some of the facilities, such as operating platforms, have reached the design service life one after another. How to dismantle these facilities has become a major issue of increasing concern for oil practitioners. The dismantling of abandoned platforms on the sea is a comprehensive system engineering that covers a wide range of fields. At present, it has become a new high-tech industry and is waiting for people to discuss and practice. Therefore, this paper focuses on the market research of abandoned oil platforms, analyzes the market situation at home and abroad and the Asia-Pacific region, and estimates the cost. Combing domestic and foreign relevant laws and regulations conventions, political problems and environmental influence factors, analyzing the way, principle, flow of disposal of abandoned platform, introducing common cutting methods, starting from the construction technology, introducing the construction technology of the abandoned well operation, Starting with the construction ship in place, the water probe and the block formation, and the equipment removal, this paper analyzes the technology and technology of the demolition construction of the abandoned platform, and introduces the process and steps of the process system cleaning, loading and fixing, sea transportation, site cleaning, land shore dismantling and so on. At the same time, combined with the construction operation management of the abandoned platform project, it compiles the list of personnel and equipment, analyzes the working risks and preventive measures. A practical example is given to guide the demolition operation in order to find a feasible method for the removal of steel pile foundation jacket platform.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE951

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