基于导热反问题的储油罐自燃灾害探测研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 14:56

本文选题：含硫储油罐　切入点：自燃灾害　出处：《中国计量学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：储油罐是油库的重要设备,一旦发生爆炸,所造成的损失难以估计。随着石油的不断开采,含硫原油比例大幅攀升,储罐硫化腐蚀加速,给储油罐的安全作业带来巨大的挑战,致使及时发现储罐自燃火源成为当前亟待解决的问题。储油罐自燃灾害探测属于反问题研究范畴,通过建立储油罐表面温度场与内部自燃灾源之间的联系,对储油罐内部自燃灾源进行识别、评估。导热反问题在理论研究和实际应用中不断发展,尤其是在自燃灾害的定量探测研究问题上,一直是国内外研究的重点和难点。本文在解析中外相关文献和前人研究成果的基础上,从储油罐自燃机理出发,采用有限元分析、计算机模拟和导热反演算法相结合的研究方法,提出了基于导热反问题的储油罐自燃灾害探测的理论研究方法。论文从储油罐自燃机理研究出发,验证储罐内壁腐蚀物中硫化亚铁的存在,并拟合硫化亚铁自燃过程的温度变化曲线。然后,结合有限元法和导热理论,建立储油罐自燃过程的有限元模拟,通过对模型进行加载求解,得出储油罐整个自燃过程中任意时刻的三维温度场及任意路径下的二维温度变化曲线;并通过改变自燃灾源参数、保温层厚度、所处环境温度及空气对流系数等边界条件对模型进行反复计算,分析在不同影响因素下含自燃灾害储油罐温度场变化的规律,总结其对外壁面异常区域的温度分布和自燃灾源探测的影响,实现了温度场可视化三维输出。最后,针对导热反问题,运用反演算法对不同情况下的储油罐自燃灾害进行反演识别和信息评估,并与已有温度场数据进行对比验证,结果证明了该自燃灾害探测研究方法的有效性。基于储油罐自燃机理,将有限元分析与导热反问题相结合,对储油罐自燃过程的温度场进行模拟研究。论文提出了储油罐自燃的有限元模型,经过导热运算和反问题研究,分别证明了储罐温度场动态模型和导热反演算法是可行的,为储油罐自燃灾害实现无损检测提供理论基础。
[Abstract]:Oil storage tanks are important equipment for oil depots. Once explosion occurs, the damage caused by oil storage tanks is difficult to estimate. With the continuous exploitation of oil, the proportion of crude oil containing sulfur increases dramatically, and the sulphide corrosion of storage tanks accelerates, which brings great challenges to the safe operation of oil storage tanks. It is an urgent problem to find the source of spontaneous combustion of oil tank in time. The detection of natural combustion disaster of oil tank belongs to the research of inverse problem. By establishing the relationship between the surface temperature field of oil storage tank and the disaster source of internal spontaneous combustion, the relationship between the natural combustion disaster source and the surface temperature field of the oil storage tank is established. Identifying and evaluating the sources of spontaneous combustion disaster in oil storage tanks. The inverse problem of thermal conductivity has been developing in theory and practical application, especially in quantitative detection of spontaneous combustion disasters. In this paper, based on the analysis of relevant literature and previous research results, starting from the mechanism of oil tank spontaneous combustion, finite element analysis is used. Based on the research method of computer simulation and heat conduction inversion algorithm, the theoretical research method of oil tank spontaneous combustion disaster detection based on heat conduction inverse problem is put forward. The existence of ferrous sulfide in the corrosion material of the inner wall of the tank is verified, and the temperature variation curve of the spontaneous combustion process of the iron sulfide is fitted. Then, the finite element simulation of the spontaneous combustion process of the oil tank is established by combining the finite element method and the heat conduction theory. By loading and solving the model, the three-dimensional temperature field at any time and the two-dimensional temperature change curve under any path during the whole spontaneous combustion process of the oil storage tank are obtained, and by changing the parameters of the spontaneous combustion disaster source, the thickness of the insulating layer is obtained. Boundary conditions such as ambient temperature and air convection coefficient were calculated repeatedly to analyze the variation of temperature field of oil storage tank with spontaneous combustion disaster under different influence factors. This paper summarizes the influence of temperature distribution and the detection of spontaneous combustion disaster source in the anomalous area of external wall, and realizes the visualization of three-dimensional output of temperature field. Finally, aiming at the inverse problem of thermal conductivity, The inversion algorithm is used to identify and evaluate the information of oil tank spontaneous combustion disaster under different conditions, and the results are compared with the existing temperature field data. The results show that the method is effective. Based on the mechanism of oil tank spontaneous combustion, the finite element analysis is combined with the inverse problem of heat conduction. In this paper, the finite element model of oil tank spontaneous combustion is put forward, and the dynamic model of temperature field and the inversion algorithm of heat conduction are proved to be feasible through the calculation of heat conduction and the research of inverse problem. It provides a theoretical basis for nondestructive testing of oil tank spontaneous combustion disaster.
【学位授予单位】：中国计量学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE88

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