基于微生物处理含油污水的PLC控制系统

发布时间：2018-03-15 10:24

本文选题：含油污水　切入点：PLC　出处：《东北石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水是非常珍贵的,是生命体赖以生存,不能缺少的。而水的污染日趋严重,如开采油田的时候会产生大量的含油污水,如果处理不当,超标回注会影响油田的采收率,同时,这种不合理的肆意排放在造成浪费的同时,也会污染环境。因此针对含油污水的处理应该引起社会的重视,如何恰到好处的进行含油污水的处理并且既能二次利用又能保护环境是刻不容缓的。针对如何处理含油污水,传统工艺首先是通过自然沉降的办法来将含油污水中的油质、悬浮物除去,接着利用化学方法,通过加入化学制剂来处理含油污水中的油,但又会导致水中含有大量化学物质,这样容易造成二次污染。因此,在污水处理方法中,通过自然沉降方法外,本文提出在含油污水中加入微生物的方法,经过这样处理后的含油污水基本无二次污染,该方案属于新兴工艺与传统方法的结合。除了引进新型工艺-加入微生物处理含油污水的方法,本文还结合了PLC控制系统对站内设施进行实时监控和对各项参数(如温度,压力,液位等)的调整。本文首先对Siemens S7-300的PLC控制系统进行的理论介绍,在这基础上进行深层次的探讨和研究,然后通过国内老污水处理方法以及全自动控制含油污水站相结合的模式,利用自动化控制系统,节省人力物力,全面而且开放性好,提出了由Siemens PLC可编程序控制系统处理含油污水的方案。根据大庆市含油污水处理站,本文设计了基于Siemens PLC的气浮方法与微生物方法相结合的新型污水处理控制系统,该新型系统主要包括现场西门子PLC自动程序控制系统、以太网总线、上位机监控系统进行联合通讯。其中PLC自动程序控制系统采用德国西门子公司S7-300的PLC作为主站,采集气浮设备的、微生物池设备以及固液设备的现场状态的各项参数,利用分布式I/O作为从站,通过信号采集来控制现场设备的运行状态,最后通过以太网总线上传至WinCC,WinCC读取PLC传递的数据,通过获取的采集量信息来进行设备运行的现场控制。接着选用WinCC组态软件对上位机进行组态,通过组态研究了现场工艺流程、报警、参数设定、刮渣机运行状态、自动排泥系统状态等操作界面,实现了对现场设备的实时监控。选用的上位机不仅抗干扰性好而且稳定性强。
[Abstract]:Water is very precious, it is vital for life to survive, and the pollution of water is becoming more and more serious. For example, when oil fields are exploited, a large amount of oily sewage will be produced. If the treatment is not properly treated, over-standard backfilling will affect oil recovery, and at the same time, This unreasonable and wanton discharge will not only cause waste, but also pollute the environment. Therefore, the treatment of oily sewage should be taken seriously by the society. It is urgent to treat the oily sewage properly and to protect the environment as well as to reuse it again. In view of how to treat the oily sewage, the traditional process is to use the method of natural settlement to treat the oil quality in the oily sewage. The suspended matter is removed, and then the oil in the oily sewage is treated by chemical method by adding a chemical agent, but it can lead to a large amount of chemical substances in the water, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. Therefore, in the sewage treatment method, In addition to the natural settlement method, this paper puts forward the method of adding microorganism to the oily sewage. The oily sewage treated in this way basically has no secondary pollution. This scheme is a combination of new process and traditional methods. In addition to the introduction of a new process-microorganism treatment of oily sewage, this paper also combines the PLC control system to real-time monitor the station facilities and parameters (such as temperature, temperature, etc.). This paper first introduces the theory of Siemens S7-300 's PLC control system, on the basis of which the deep discussion and research are carried out. Then, through the combination of domestic old sewage treatment methods and fully automatic control of oil-bearing sewage stations and the use of automatic control systems, it saves manpower and material resources, is comprehensive and open. The scheme of treating oily sewage by Siemens PLC programmable control system is put forward. According to Daqing oil sewage treatment station, a new sewage treatment control system based on Siemens PLC and microbial method is designed in this paper. The new system mainly includes Siemens PLC automatic program control system, Ethernet bus and host computer monitoring system for joint communication. The PLC automatic program control system uses the PLC of Siemens S7-300 as the main station. Collecting the parameters of the field state of the microbial pool equipment and the solid liquid equipment, using distributed I / O as the slave station to control the running state of the field equipment through signal acquisition. Finally, the data transmitted by PLC is uploaded to WinCC by Ethernet bus, and the data is collected to control the operation of the equipment. Then, the WinCC configuration software is used to configure the host computer, and the field process is studied by configuration. The operation interface such as alarm, parameter setting, operation state of slag scraping machine and automatic mud discharging system can realize the real-time monitoring of field equipment. The selected upper computer not only has good anti-interference ability but also has strong stability.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X741;X172

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